1. Mercury in PDO Gas Processing Mercury Technology Services

2. Types of Mercury  Elemental Hg 0  Organic CH 3 HgCH 3  Inorganic HgCl 2  SuspendedHgS

3. Mercury Metal Hg 0

4. Elemental Mercury Hg 0  Found in gas and condensate  Volatile (evaporates)  Can be inhaled  Adsorptive (sticks to surfaces)

5. Mercury is Volatile Mercury evaporates like water

6. Mercuric Sulfide HgS Cinnabar

7. Ionic Mercury  Sometimes found in produced water  Not volatile (does not evaporate)  Cannot be inhaled  Can be ingested (drinking or eating contaminated food or water) HgCl 2 Ionic mercury is a salt

8. Mercury Amalgam Mercury reacts with metals

9. Almost never found Less volatile Can be absorbed through the skin Adsorptive (sticks to surfaces) CH 3 HgCH 3 Organic Mercury

10. Concentrations  Gas 0.1 to 1000 ug/m3  Condensate 0.1 to 2000 ppb  SE Asia 500 ug/m3, 800 ppb condensate  South America 100 ug/m3 wellhead, 40 ug/m3 export; 100 ppb condensate  Algeria, Offshore Holland, Indonesia, China, Argentina, Venezuela

11. Measuring Mercury in Air

12. Jerome Mercury Analyzer Mercury in air

13. Jerome Detector Gold wire detector

14. Measuring Mercury in Gas Mercury traps

15. Measuring Mercury in Solids and Liquids Combustion Method

16. PDO CPP

17. Why worry?  Mercury and mercury compounds are in natural gas, condensate and crude oil.  You cannot smell, see or taste mercury.  Mercury and its compounds are neurotoxins meaning they are poisonous to the brain.

18. Mercury is successfully dealt with in virtually all gas production and processing facilities without risk to workers or negative impact on efficient operations. Risk Analysis

19. Mercury is volatile and you can absorb it through your lungs if it is in the air you breathe. Some forms in condensate can be absorbed into the body through the skin. Mercury and its compounds are neurotoxins meaning they are poisonous to the brain. How can I be exposed?

20. Where can I be exposed?  Cleaning tanks, vessels and equipment  Hot work on corroded metals  Maintenance, changing filters  Glycol unit

21. Follow safety policy and procedures Ask the Safety Officer Monitor the worksite Use Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) Stay clean (good hygiene) Avoiding Exposure Safety

22. Avoiding Exposure  Training  Wear PPE when required  Cartridge Respirators (Hg 0 < 0.5 mg/m 3 )  BA (Hg 0 > 0.5 mg/m 3 )  Gloves  Chemical suits in some situations

23. Avoiding Exposure Chemical Suits  Barricade  4H  Responder  Tyvek

24. Worker Hygiene  Wash hands and shower after working  Use disposable clothing or segregate laundry  Do not eat in work area Shutdown Procedures

25. Respirators NIOSH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MERCURY IN AIR: UP TO 0.5 mg/m 3 : Chemical cartridge respirator or SAR. UP TO 1.25 mg/m 3 : SAR operated in a continuous-flow mode; or powered air- purifying respirator with cartridge(s) to protect against mercury compounds (canister)*. UP TO 2.5 mg/m 3 : Full-facepiece chemical cartridge respirator with cartridge(s) to protect against mercury compounds*; or SAR with a tight-fitting facepiece operated in a continuous-flow mode; or full-facepiece SCBA; or full- facepiece SAR. UP TO 10 mg/m 3 : Positive pressure SAR. Abbreviations: SAR = supplied-air respirator; SCBA = self- contained breathing apparatus; IDLH = immediately dangerous to life or health.

26. Symptoms of Acute Exposure  Shortness of breath  Nausea  Chest pain  Blurred vision

27. Symptoms of Chronic Exposure  Loss of memory  Depression  Confusion  Personality change  Dementia

28. Mercury Waste  Used PPE  Sludge  Debris  Sorbents  Filters Solid Waste

29. Mercury Waste  Glycol  Decon Solutions  Condensate Liquid Waste

30. Mercury Waste Flow

31. Mercury Sludge  Mercury is a hazardous waste above 200 ppb.  Keep mercury wastes separate from other wastes

32. Disposal of Mercury Waste  Double bag  Add sulfur  Drum  Label Storage

33. Waste Handling and Storage  Store mercury in metal containers in a secure area.  Exercise caution when decanting liquid mercury.  Mercury is incompatible with bleach and other oxidizers  Mercury is incompatible with acids

34. Decontamination

35. Metals - degrease Metals - chemical clean Plastics - throw away

36. Decontamination Vapor Test Test for contamination

37. Corrosion

39. Next Steps  Review safety policy  Review PPE requirements  Know action levels  If you have questions, ask the Safety Officer

40. Mercury is successfully dealt with in virtually all gas production and processing facilities without risk to workers or negative impact on efficient operations. Risk Analysis

41. smw@hgtech.com