1. .NET Framework .NET Training Program Ashutosh Pandey
Student Incharge - Software Incubator
Computer Science and Engineering
Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad
Phone:
Software Incubator .NET Training Program
Saturday, April 15, 2017
Ajag Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad

2. Overview What is .NET? - Technology .NET Framework - collection
Visual Studio - IDE
C# and VB – common languages
2 tier architecture
3 tier architecture
N tier architecture
Saturday, April 15, 2017
Software Incubator

3. Why .Net? Why C……..brainstorming Why Java …..Brainstorming
Now why .net ???
Fast application development
No new concept
Fastest emerging technology in IT Market
Job Oriented
Has a wide range of applications
Object Oriented(close to real world)
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Software Incubator

4. What is Microsoft .NET?
.NET is a Framework that provides a common platform for many languages.
44 languages in the beginning…..so can u guess what is the no now ???
The .NET Framework is an environment for building, deploying, and running Web applications and Web Services
This chart summarizes the status of Microsoft SNA Server 4.0.
By the way, SNA Server 4.0 is available now as a standalone product and as part of the
newest version of Microsoft BackOffice Server - version 4.0.
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Software Incubator

5. Advantages of .NET Direct Support for Security
Consistent Programming Model
Windows Presentation Format Support with XAML
Intelli-sense
Debugging
Greatly simplifies language interoperability.
Supports strongly typed languages
Calling from and to any other .NET language becomes simple
It uses industry-standard protocols such as TCP/IP, XML, SOAP and HTTP
Easy Application Deployment and Maintenance
Simplified Development Efforts
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6. .NET Framework
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7. .NET Framework .NET Framework consists of 3 main parts:
Common Language Runtime
MSIL
Framework Classes/Libraries
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8. Common Language Specification Common Language Runtime
The .NET Framework VB
C++ C#
JScript …
Visual Studio.NET
Common Language Specification
ASP.NET: Web Services
and Web Forms
Windows Forms
Windows Forms
ADO.NET: Data and XML
The .NET framework exposes numerous classes to the developer. These classes allow the development of rich client applications and Web based applications alike. In the above slide these classes have been divided into 4 areas.
ASP.NET provides the core Web infrastructure such as Web Forms for UI based development and Web Services for programmatic interface development,
User interface development on the Windows platform can be done using Windows Forms
ADO.NET and XML provide the functionality for data access.
Finally, the core base classes provide infrastructure services such as security, transaction management etc.
Base Class Library
Common Language Runtime
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Software Incubator

9. Common Language Runtime (CLR)
A common runtime for all .NET languages
Common type system
Common metadata
Intermediate Language (IL) to native code compilers
Memory allocation and garbage collection
Code execution and security
Over 44 languages supported today
C#, VB, Jscript, Visual C++ from Microsoft
Perl, Python, Smalltalk, Cobol, Haskell, Mercury, Eiffel, Oberon, Oz, Pascal, APL, CAML, Scheme, etc.
Saturday, April 15, 2017
Software Incubator

10. Common Language Runtime (CLR)
CLR works like a virtual machine in executing all languages.
All .NET languages must obey the rules and standards imposed by CLR. Examples:
Object declaration, creation and use
Data types,language libraries
Error and exception handling
Interactive Development Environment (IDE)
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11. Intermediate Language (IL)
.NET languages are not compiled to machine code. They are compiled to an Intermediate Language (IL).
CLR accepts the IL code and recompiles it to machine code. The recompilation is just-in-time (JIT) meaning it is done as soon as a function or subroutine is called.
The JIT code stays in memory for subsequent calls. In cases where there is not enough memory it is discarded thus making JIT process interpretive.
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12. Compilation in .NET Code in VB.NET Code in C# Code in another
.NET Language
VB.NET compiler
C# compiler
Appropriate
Compiler
IL(Intermediate
Language) code
CLR just-in-time
execution
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Software Incubator

13. Common Language Runtime
Multiple Language Support
CTS is a rich type system built into the CLR
Implements various types (int, double, etc)
And operations on those types
CLS is a set of specifications that language and library designers need to follow
This will ensure interoperability between languages
Saturday, April 15, 2017
Software Incubator

14. Common Language Runtime (CLR)
Enables cross-language interoperability
Common Language Specification describes interoperability requirements
Language/Hardware/OS Independent
Compact framework for small devices
Industrial strength Garbage collector
Designed for multi-processor servers
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15. Operating System Services
CLR: Execution Model
Source code VB C#
C++
Unmanaged
Component
Compiler
Compiler
Compiler
Managed
code
Assembly
IL Code
Assembly
IL Code
Assembly
IL Code
Common Language Runtime
JIT Compiler
We already know that an assembly does NOT contain native binary code, but instead MSIL code. Obviously before the MSIL code can be executed it must be converted into native binary instructions. Converted? Does this mean interpreted? NO! The MSIL code is compiled and not thrown away. This means that next time the code is requested it is already in the form of machine instructions and thus this mechanism in the log run is far more efficient than an interpreter for example.
The compilation is carried out by a JIT (Just In Time) compiler. Does the compiler compile all of the code in one go? The answer to this question is NO. If this approach was taken there would be a long delay during the applications initialisation, and realistically not all the code within the module will be required in one go. Instead, when the code is loaded a ‘stub’ is connected to each method. When a method is called via the stub the compiler generates the binary native code. This mechanism goes a long way to describing why the compiler is called a ‘JIT’ compiler.
Compiled code is only saved in the same process (run) of an application. And even then it's not guaranteed. we do what's called "code-pitching" which means we through away cold (or little used) JITed code if memory pressure requires it. We do persisted JITed code in the install time scenario.
The benefit for to this system is obviously portability. A couple of things to think about -
Let’s imagine you’ve built a managed component for the Intel Pentium III platform. It works fine. Later in the year Intel release a super new chip. When Microsoft release a new version of the JIT, it’s possible that this brand spanking new version of the JIT will have learned a few new tricks e.g. to make use of the new improved instruction set of the new Intel chip or new CPU registers!
And finally, Microsoft plan to offer a tool called PREJIT. This tool will compile your assemblies into native code and save the resultant binary executable code to disk. When the assemblies are next loaded the binary code is already available thus improving startup time and execution speeds.
Native Code
Operating System Services
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16. .NET Framework Libraries
Single consistent set of object oriented class libraries to enable building distributed web applications (Unified Classes)
Built using classes arranged across logical hierarchical namespaces
For example: System.Data.SQL
Work with all CLR languages
No more “VBRun” or “MFC” divide
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Software Incubator

17. .NET Framework Libraries
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18. ASP.NET
ASP.NET is a new programming framework designed to make web apps easier to:
Build, Deploy, Run
Radical advancement of today’s ASP
Broader programming language support
Visual Basic.NET, Jscript.NET, C#
Easier page programming model
Namespaces
Richer XML features and integration
XCopy/FTP deployment
Better reliability and recovery
Excellent Visual Studio designer support
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19. ASP.NET ASP.NET is compiled, not interpreted Better performance
Early binding, strong typing, JIT compiling to native code
Configuration settings in XML-based files
Session state can now be shared across a web farm of ASP.NET servers
.NET State Server Process manages state
Application state is still single sever
ASP.NET detects and recovers from problems
Access violations, memory leaks, deadlocks
ASP.NET supports pre-emptive cycling of apps
Time and request based settings
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20. ASP.NET
ASP.NET,the platform services that allow to program Web Applications and Web Services in any .NET language
ASP.NET Uses .NET languages to generate HTML pages. HTML page is targeted to the capabilities of the requesting Browser
ASP.NET “Program” is compiled into a .NET class and cached the first time it is called. All subsequent calls use the cached version.
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21. ASP.NET Logical Evolution of ASP Supports multiple languages
Improved performance
Control-based, event-driven execution model
More productive
Cleanly encapsulated functionality
The first incarnation of ASP proved very successful. As part of the .NET Framework, Microsoft support ASP.NET. ASP.NET is a logical evolution of ASP, but addresses many of the issues associated with ASP.
ASP.NET is now compiled and not interpreted.
A great deal of work has also been done to make sure that ASP.NET development becomes cleaner and more productive.
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Software Incubator

22. ASP.NET Web Services A technical definition
“A programmable application component accessible via standard Web protocols”
Technically a Web Service is “A programmable application component accessible via standard Web protocols”. In other words, it’s a component that can be called remotely, over the internet, from a client application.
Take our previous example of a Web application that required ‘stock information’. This Web application possibly would not have that information readily at hand. However, what if another Web application (possibly on another machine, on the other side of the planet) did? Further more what if this remote machine exposed a component with a method such as ‘GetStockPrice (string strCompanyName)’. Surely this would make life much easier, making separate Web sites act like ‘one big application’.
Web service consumers can send and receive messages using XML, and therefore the audience of clients is unlimited.
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23. Web Services It is just an application…
…that exposes its features and capabilities over the network…
…using XML…
…to allow for the creation of powerful new applications that are more than the sum of their parts…
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24. ASP.NET Server Controls
Server controls are tags that are understood by the server.
There are three kinds of server controls:
HTML Server Controls - Traditional HTML tags
Web Server Controls - New ASP.NET tags
Validation Server Controls - For input validation
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Software Incubator

25. ASP.NET Web Forms Allows clean cut code Easier for tools to generate
Code-behind Web Forms
Easier for tools to generate
Code within is compiled then executed
Improved handling of state information
Support for ASP.NET server controls
Data validation
Data bound grids
The Web Form is basically an ASP.NET file (.ASPX) that makes use of the new features of ASP.NET. ASP.NET in conjunction with Web Forms eliminate a number of the traditional problems associated with ASP.
ASP.NET provides the developer with the option of separating the code from the UI elements using ‘code-behind’ forms. Using such a mechanism will also make Form tools much easier to develop.
ASP.NET also conquers one of the annoying side effects of using ASP – state. Imagine that a user has filled in an ASP generated form and then hits the submit button. At this stage IIS (server side) will regenerate the form and as a side effect all the information that the user entered into the form will be erased. In many situations this is unacceptable, and many an ASP developer has struggled to find work arounds (most of which may not be considered elegant). Fortunately, ASP.NET allows controls to maintain state.
ASP.NET supports a number of new rich server controls. These controls can be used to improve data connectivity (data bound controls) and data validation.
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26. ADO.NET (Data and XML) New objects (e.g., DataSets)
Separates connected / disconnected issues
Language neutral data access
Uses same types as CLR
Great support for XML
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27. Visual Studio.NET
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28. Visual Studio.NET
Development tool that contains a rich set of productivity and debugging features
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29. Visual Studio.NET Integrated Development Environment Visual Basic.NET
Many language enhancements
Inheritance,Overloading, Free Threading
Visual C++
Integration with .NET Framework with managed extensions (classes) C#
New development language
Based on C/C++ with Garbage Collection/Memory Management
JUMP (Java User Migration Path) to .NET (1/25/01)
Visual J++ has been removed from the Visual Studio suite currently but it was a part of the earlier versions.
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30. VS.NET Features Single IDE for all Languages Server Explorer
Event Viewer, Message Queues, Services
SQL Databases, Data Connection, Etc.
Integrated IE Browser
HTML/XML Editors
Macros/Macro Explorer
Solution Explorer
Tabbed Documents
Dynamic Help
Common Forms Editor
VB.NET, C++, and C#
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31. C#
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32. Intro to C# Design Goals of C# Features VB.NET vs. C#
Component Orientated Language
Robust and Durable Software
Features
Classes
Namespaces
No header files
VB.NET vs. C#
Ability to embed C++ code in C# code
Elegance of C/C++ language
<none>
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Software Incubator

33. Design Goals C# Component Oriented Robust and Durable Based on C++
Properties, methods, events
Robust and Durable
Garbage collection (No memory leaks and stray pointers)
Exception Handling
Type-safety (No uninitialized variables)
Based on C++
Interoperability
Support for XML, SOAP
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Software Incubator

34. IIS – Internet Information Services
IIS (Internet Information Services) is Microsoft's Internet server
IIS comes as a free component with Windows servers
IIS is also a part of Windows 2000 and XP Professional
How to install
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35. How does ASP.NET work?
Requests an HTML file, the server returns the file
Requests an ASP.NET file, IIS passes the request to the ASP.NET engine on the server
The ASP.NET engine reads the file, line by line, and executes the scripts in the file
ASP.NET file is returned to the browser as plain HTML
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Software Incubator

36. J2EE and .NET Execution Engine J2EE
Java source code compiles into machine-independent byte code
Runtime Environment : JVM
.NET
Any compliant language compiles into MSIL
Runtime environment : CLR
Both JVM and CLR ,support services, such as code verification, memory management via garbage collection, and code security

37. J2EE and .NET Cross Platform Portability J2EE Platform Independent
JDK should exist on target machine
.NET
Supports Windows platform
CLR should exist on target machine
Can support other platforms provided it has its own JIT complier

38. J2EE and .NET Language Support J2EE Tied to Java
Supports other languages via interface technology
.NET
Language independent
Supports any language if mapping exists from that
language to IL

39. J2EE and .NET Tools Support J2EE Can employ any number of tools
Pro :Developer has a great deal of choice
Con :Difficulty in choosing a right tool for a given job
.NET
Visual Studio.NET, single IDE for building an application

40. Questions/Queries ??
Visit Course material available at
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Software Incubator