1. Trafficking of Human Beings & Protecting The Vulnerable Detective Chief Inspector Nicholas Sumner Detective Inspector Kevin Hyland

2. Who has responsibility for trafficking In London The Metropolitan Police Service & SCD9 Elsewhere in the UK The local police service National Oversight and International Liaison The UK Human Trafficking Centre (SOCA) Overseas The relevant national police or prosecutor

3. Where Does Trafficking Occur

4. Trafficking is an issue from Sydney to London

5. What do we see in the Capital Trafficking for sexual exploitation Trafficking for forced labour Trafficking for domestic servitude Trafficking of the vulnerable for exploitation Trafficking of children

6. What Is The Main Driver

7. What Is The Demand In all, an estimated 1 million young women are sold worldwide for sex every year Figures for other forms of trafficking are unknown Demand is continual Migration from poorer regions such as Eastern Europe and South East Asia has reduced the price of sex and provided more choice for the purchaser In some areas exploitation of human being as slaves is seen as a cultural issue

8. Current UK Trafficking Legislation Asylum and Immigration Act 2004 S4 Trafficking for exploitation, forced labour, organ harvesting Sexual Offences Act 2003: S 57-59 trafficking into, within and out of the UK for Sexual Exploitation Coroners and Justice Act 2009 Servitude, forced labour, exploitation, slavery

9. Legal Complexities: Prostitution in Europe Prostitution legal and regulated Prostitution Illegal No Data Prostitution (the exchange of sex for money) legal, but organised activities ( brothels & pimping ) illegal

10. The demand & Supply Walk in brothels Sauna’s Massage Parlour Escort Agencies Domestic Helper Cheap labour Vulnerable children Walk in brothels Sauna’s Massage Parlour Escort Agencies Domestic Helper Cheap labour Vulnerable children

11. EUROPEAN 446 UK 77 Spain 65 Romania 39 Italy 32 Poland 26 Lithuania 23 Czech 22 Sweden 17 Hungary 14 Latvia 8 Albanian 7 Others 53 European other (outside EEA) 33 Russian 30 ORIENTAL 193 China 59 Japan 48 Korea 24 Thai 21 Singapore 18 Hong Kong 8 Others 12 S/AMERICA 50 Brazil 30 Others 20 AFRICA 23 Pakistan 3 India 26 Nationalities of Women Advertised in London in 1 Week

12. Our Vision Prevention – Working with countries of origin Continued Improvement in victim care Reduction of trafficking Working with partners Continued increase in prosecutions Cultural and social change Making London a hostile environment for traffickers

13. Human Exploitation and Organised Crime Operations and Partners SCD9 Human Exploitation and Organised Crime Operations and Partners

14. The Police Role Investigations – National and International Proactively identify victims Victims debriefs and immediate support Arrests Files to Crown Prosecution Service Covert deployments Seize assets We cannot achieve these without partners support – trafficking has unique challenges

15. What does trafficking look like Vietnamese 16 year old boy – forced labour and sexual exploitation 45 year old Indian woman – domestic servitude 22 year old Thai women – sexual exploitation 14 and 16 year old Nigerian girls – subject to witchcraft, raped and sexual exploitation 50 year old Romanian man – for forced labour and sexually abused Vulnerable Polish adults – for exploitation Child aged 4 – kept as a slave for several years

16. What traffickers are we dealing with Russian, Belarusian, Turkish, MoldovanRussian, Belarusian, Turkish, Moldovan From the EU: Polish, Czech, Hungarian, Slovak, Latvian, Romanian, Bulgarian, Lithuanian, EstonianFrom the EU: Polish, Czech, Hungarian, Slovak, Latvian, Romanian, Bulgarian, Lithuanian, Estonian Chinese, Vietnamese, Thai, Laois, MalaysianChinese, Vietnamese, Thai, Laois, Malaysian BrazilianBrazilian Nigerian, Ghanaian, Maritain, Libyan, Iranian, Egyptian, Ugandan, Sudanese, Saudi, Moroccan, Liberian, TanzanianNigerian, Ghanaian, Maritain, Libyan, Iranian, Egyptian, Ugandan, Sudanese, Saudi, Moroccan, Liberian, Tanzanian Indian, BangladeshiIndian, Bangladeshi

17. What do they look like

18. Flamur DeMarku Izzet Fejzullahu Bedri DeMarku Agron DeMarku Xhevair DeMarku

20. Trafficker or Trafficked Atchara Nualpenyai 6 ½ Years Imprisonment For trafficking

21. Thai Passport Thailand Romania Forged Malay Passport Belgium UK

22. Victim Centred Approach

23. Victim Centered Approach Understanding the needs of the victim and ensuing a bespoke service is given to themUnderstanding the needs of the victim and ensuing a bespoke service is given to them Working with partners to provide the best possible after careWorking with partners to provide the best possible after care Understanding the needs of the victim and ensuing a bespoke service is given to themUnderstanding the needs of the victim and ensuing a bespoke service is given to them Working with partners to provide the best possible after careWorking with partners to provide the best possible after care

24. Victim Reception Centres Medical and welfare needs catered forMedical and welfare needs catered for Close working with international NGOs to provide support for victims back in country of originClose working with international NGOs to provide support for victims back in country of origin Support and referrals for those that want to stay in the UKSupport and referrals for those that want to stay in the UK Medical and welfare needs catered forMedical and welfare needs catered for Close working with international NGOs to provide support for victims back in country of originClose working with international NGOs to provide support for victims back in country of origin Support and referrals for those that want to stay in the UKSupport and referrals for those that want to stay in the UK

25. Partnership Working

26. Partnership Engagement Doesn't happen by accident.....Doesn't happen by accident..... Vital to providing joined up support and approach to victimVital to providing joined up support and approach to victim On and off street support servicesOn and off street support services Building trust to work together and share informationBuilding trust to work together and share information Identifying gaps in service delivery and working together to plug themIdentifying gaps in service delivery and working together to plug them Critical FriendsCritical Friends Doesn't happen by accident.....Doesn't happen by accident..... Vital to providing joined up support and approach to victimVital to providing joined up support and approach to victim On and off street support servicesOn and off street support services Building trust to work together and share informationBuilding trust to work together and share information Identifying gaps in service delivery and working together to plug themIdentifying gaps in service delivery and working together to plug them Critical FriendsCritical Friends

27. Current good partnerships PoppyPoppy Salvation ArmySalvation Army Medaille TrustMedaille Trust Migrant HelplineMigrant Helpline RahabRahab CaritasCaritas Stop the TraffikStop the Traffik International Organisation of Migration (IOM)International Organisation of Migration (IOM) Women at the WellWomen at the Well Bishops’ ConferenceBishops’ Conference

28. What’s next Identification of current resourcesIdentification of current resources Co-ordinationCo-ordination Specific partnership teamsSpecific partnership teams International preventionInternational prevention International strategiesInternational strategies Review of all legislationReview of all legislation Identification of current resourcesIdentification of current resources Co-ordinationCo-ordination Specific partnership teamsSpecific partnership teams International preventionInternational prevention International strategiesInternational strategies Review of all legislationReview of all legislation

29. What can be achieved Lithuanian 16 year old - trafficked to UK supported by Caritas when she returned home Nigerian 16 year old supported by religious sisters having been removed back to Nigeria Thai woman supported and assisted in employment by women rights group in Bangkok Victim wrongly imprisoned released Wrongful deportations prevented Increased identification through education and awareness

30. Partnerships Can only work with your help Evidence shows they work We will help and support any victims – that’s a commitment One person makes a difference Those at this seminar are our current and future partners One Request Today Disseminate the free phone helpline