1. Observing
We observe when we use one or more of our senses to find out about objects, events, or living things
An observation is a FACT learned directly through the senses.
Sight
Touch
Smell
taste

2. Observing What it is How we observe Use as many senses as Fact
possible
Never taste unless told!
Describe only what you
observe with your senses.
Notice changes. Describe
Before, during and after
changes.
Fact
5 Senses:
Sight
Touch
Smell
Taste
sound

3. Observing I see _________ I feel _________ I hear ________
I smell _______
I taste_______
****Do NOT name what you are observing. Just DESCRIBE.

4. Observing Qualitative – describe qualities (features and descriptions)
The eye appears to be green.
The kid is eating a red strawberry.
Quantitative – describe quantities (amounts)
I see four pictures on this slide
The hand has five fingers

5. Classifying – To Sort/Organize
We classify when we use observations to group objects or events according to similarities and differences.
One category
Two categories
Many categories
Producers
Consumers

6. Classifying What it is How we classify
Divide a set of objects into 2 or more groups based on 1 property
Continue to divide the groups based on more observations
Create diagram or chart of groups
Grouping objects or events based on similarities or differences

7. Inferring
We infer when we use our past experiences and background knowledge to draw conclusions and make explanations about events not directly observed
It looks like water,
It feels like water,
It pours like water

8. Inferring Vs. Observations
Any information collected with the senses.
measureable or countable
3 meters long
4 marbles
50 kilograms
35 degrees Celsius
describable, not measureable
red flowers
smells like fresh baked cookies
Tastes bitter
The skill of describing scientific events
INFERENCE
Conclusions or deductions based on observations.
The process of drawing a conclusion from given evidence.
Practice:
Observations:
I hear people screaming
I smell cotton candy, popcorn, and hamburgers
I see a lot of people
Inference = ?

9. Examples Observations II see that the plant is extremely wilted.
It sounds like the car stopped running
The Titans are leading their division
Inferences
That plant is extremely wilted due to a lack of water.
The car stooped running because it was out of gas.
The Titans are leading their division because they are playing well right now.

10. Look at these two sets of animal tracks.
List 3 OBSERVATIONS
Make an INFERENCE

11. Now what do you think?
Make 3 OBSERVATIONS
Make an INFERENCE

12. Now what do you think?
Make 3 OBSERVATIONS
Make an INFERENCE

13. Inferring What it is How we infer Observe object or event
Use past experiences to
explain what you observed
Make new observations to
decide if your inference is
acceptable
Use past experiences to make explanations

14. Hypothesize A hypothesis is an educated guess
A possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question
A hypothesis is something that can be tested
BASED ON RESEARCH: You should be able to give reasons why you chose your hypothesis.
Hypotheses can either be supported or disproved

15. Predicting
What will happen in the future? Use observations and background knowledge to make predictions about the future.
You state the anticipated outcomes of new or changed situations using your previous / past/ prior knowledge, experiences, and observations.
I believe that the egg will float in salt water and sink in fresh water.
I think it is going to rain because it looks cloudy outside.
A forecast of future events.
Based on your observations.
Based on cause and effect relationships (since this happened, then this will happen).
Should be more accurate as you get more information.

16. Analyzing Studying results, evidence or data very closely
Examining information very closely