1. AFRICAN AMERICAN
Innovations In
Science
&
Technology

3. African Intellectual Center famed for its Law and Medical Universities
TIMBUKTU
1500th and 1600th Centuries
African Intellectual Center famed for its Law and Medical Universities

4. Ned ( Slave) : Cotton Cultivator
1800s Mississippi
. Persons of bondage not allowed patents
Invention of farming equipment that could do work equal to four humans and four horses.

5. Benjamin Banneker, Mathematician
(Maryland)
Developed first clock in U. S.
Studied astronomy and developed an almanac.
3. Appointed by President George Washington to create
layout out for Washington,
D. C.

6. George Washington Carver, Botanist
(Missouri)
Former slave who became a world renown authority
on plant diseases.

7. Matthew Henson, Explorer
(Maryland)
First known human to reach the North Pole.

8. Garrett Morgan, Traffic Signal
(Kentucky)
Inventions also included the gas masks used by both firemen and soldiers.

9. Madame C. J. Walker, Chemist
(Louisiana)
. First self-made woman millionaire.
. Revolutionized the hair care industry.

10. Lloyd A. Hall, Chemist 1894-1971 (Illinois)
Developed curing salts that revolutionized the processing and preserving of meats
and produce.

11. Ernest E. Just, Zoologist
(South Carolina)
Pioneered the study of cell life, human metabolism and egg fertilization.

12. Charles R. Drew, Biologist
(Washington, D.C.)
Introduction of Blood
Plasma revolutionized
Medical profession.
Blood Bank’s Founder and first Director.

13. Dr. Louis T. Wright, Scientist
(Georgia)
Cancer and Clinical Antibiotic research
innovator.

14. Frederick M. Jones, Electronics
(Ohio)
Invented the first automatic refrigeration system for trucks, ships and railroad cars

15. Dr. Percy Julian, Organic Chemist
(Alabama)
Synthesized both cortisone used in treating rheumatoid arthritis and the drug physostigmine
for treating glaucoma.

17. Dr. Samuel Kountz, Surgeon
(Arkansas)
Innovator of kidney
transplant machine
that preserves post donor kidneys for
up to fifty hours.

18. Ralph Gardner, Chemist 1922- (Ohio) Researcher on the
Manhattan Project
resulting in the creation of the
Atomic Bomb.

19. Dr. Earl Shaw, Physicist 1937- (Mississippi)
Inventor of free electron laser used in study of chemical reactions, biological functions and
semiconductors.

20. Dr. George Carruthers, Astronomy
(Chicago)
Developer of the lunar surface ultraviolet camera and spectrograph used on the moon by Apollo 16.

21. Dr. Mary Harris, Molecular Genetics
.Founder and CEO of Bio Technical Communications which specializes in the root causes of
health disparities.

22. Dr. Shirley A. Jackson, Physicist
. First woman to chair the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
‘ Current President of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

23. John Thompson, Computer Scientist
- (New York)
Invented lingo programming used in Macromedia Director and Shockwave.

24. Dr. Mark Dean, Computer Scientist
(Tennessee)
Led design team that
created the first
1-gigahertz processor chip.

25. Otis Boykin, Computer Engineer
( Texas)
Invented the electrical resistor used in cardiac
pacemakers and
other electrical
devices.

26. Dr. Patricia Bath, Ophthalmologist
Invented the “Laserphaco Probe”
This device used for initial cataract surgery decreases
discomfort while increasing accuracy.

27. Dr. Paul Gilbert, RESEARCH CIVIL ENGINEER
.1944 – (Mississippi)
Selected among top
200 U. S. Scientists.
Civil Engineering
Research Projects in
Russia, England and
Harvard University.

28. Dr. Ronald NcNair, Physicist & NASA Astronaut
1950 – 1986
(South Carolina/
NC A&T Graduate)
Nationally Renown in
field of Laser Physics
Final launch of Space
Shuttle Challenger on

30. Credits www.blackinventor.com www.mathbuffalo.edu
Brodie, J. M. Created Equal: Black American
Innovators . New York: Quill, 1993
Haskins, J. One More River To Cross . New
York: Scholastic, 1992