1. < BackNext >PreviewMain Volcanoes Chapter 9 Preview CRCT Preparation

2. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 1. An underground surge in magma causes a sudden and significant increase in the ground temperature of a glacier covered volcano. This will most likely result in A flooding or a mudslide. B a global temperature increase. C a tidal wave. D a forest fire.

3. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 1. An underground surge in magma causes a sudden and significant increase in the ground temperature of a glacier covered volcano. This will most likely result in A flooding or a mudslide. B a global temperature increase. C a tidal wave. D a forest fire.

4. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 2. A student models a volcanic eruption by using a syringe to inject blue colored water through a dome shaped gelatin mold. What is one of this model’s most significant limitations? A Gelatin is clear, whereas actual volcanoes are opaque. B Gelatin does not accurately simulate the materials of which actual volcanoes are made. C Actual volcanoes have red lava, not blue. D Actual volcanoes erupt with more force than a syringe.

5. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 2. A student models a volcanic eruption by using a syringe to inject blue colored water through a dome shaped gelatin mold. What is one of this model’s most significant limitations? A Gelatin is clear, whereas actual volcanoes are opaque. B Gelatin does not accurately simulate the materials of which actual volcanoes are made. C Actual volcanoes have red lava, not blue. D Actual volcanoes erupt with more force than a syringe.

6. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 3. When a volcanic explosion fills the atmosphere with a large amount of volcanic ash, which of the following is a likely result? A The average global temperature will decrease. B The average duration of a day will become shorter. C Ocean tide levels will be affected. D Only the area near the volcano will be affected.

7. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 3. When a volcanic explosion fills the atmosphere with a large amount of volcanic ash, which of the following is a likely result? A The average global temperature will decrease. B The average duration of a day will become shorter. C Ocean tide levels will be affected. D Only the area near the volcano will be affected.

8. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation Use the illustration to answer question 4. 4. What is the term for the area to which the arrow is pointing? A lava B crater C vent D magma chamber

9. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation Use the illustration to answer question 4. 4. What is the term for the area to which the arrow is pointing? A lava B crater C vent D magma chamber

10. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 5. Which of the following situations represents the greatest amount of potential energy? A A large bolder is blown into the air by an explosive eruption. B Low viscosity lava flows quickly downhill. C A huge boulder is perched atop a cliff and is on the verge of falling 1000 m to the ground below. D A tree that was blown over by a powerful eruption lies flat on the ground.

11. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 5. Which of the following situations represents the greatest amount of potential energy? A A large bolder is blown into the air by an explosive eruption. B Low viscosity lava flows quickly downhill. C A huge boulder is perched atop a cliff and is on the verge of falling 1000 m to the ground below. D A tree that was blown over by a powerful eruption lies flat on the ground.

12. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 6. A model of a volcano that uses vinegar and baking soda is limited because A the eruption is unpredictable. B baking soda is white, while lava is red. C real volcanoes are much larger than the model. D most volcanoes are extinct.

13. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 6. A model of a volcano that uses vinegar and baking soda is limited because A the eruption is unpredictable. B baking soda is white, while lava is red. C real volcanoes are much larger than the model. D most volcanoes are extinct.

14. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 7. In which of the following situations would there be the greatest amount of kinetic energy? A just prior to eruption, when incredible pressure has built up inside a volcano B during an explosive eruption in which pyroclastic material is blown high into the atmosphere C just after an explosive eruption, when most of the debris has settled back to the ground. D long after a shield volcano has moved from a “hot spot”

15. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 7. In which of the following situations would there be the greatest amount of kinetic energy? A just prior to eruption, when incredible pressure has built up inside a volcano B during an explosive eruption in which pyroclastic material is blown high into the atmosphere C just after an explosive eruption, when most of the debris has settled back to the ground. D long after a shield volcano has moved from a “hot spot”

16. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation Use the table to answer question 8. 8. According to the data collected above, which type of magma is least likely to cause an explosive eruption? A felsic magmaC mafic B intermediate magmaD ultramafic

17. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation Use the table to answer question 8. 8. According to the data collected above, which type of magma is least likely to cause an explosive eruption? A felsic magmaC mafic B intermediate magmaD ultramafic

18. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 9. One of the active volcanoes on the island of Hawaii is named Kilauea. If Kilauea is a shield volcano, which of the following is a valid conclusion? A Kilauea formed from repeated eruptions of low viscosity lava that have spread over a wide area. B Kilauea formed from repeated moderately explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material. C Kilauea is primarily made up of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material. D Kilauea has formed a cinder cone through repeated eruptions of high viscosity lava.

19. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 9. One of the active volcanoes on the island of Hawaii is named Kilauea. If Kilauea is a shield volcano, which of the following is a valid conclusion? A Kilauea formed from repeated eruptions of low viscosity lava that have spread over a wide area. B Kilauea formed from repeated moderately explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material. C Kilauea is primarily made up of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material. D Kilauea has formed a cinder cone through repeated eruptions of high viscosity lava.

20. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 10. A large volcanic eruption covers nearby farmland in several meters of ash. Which is a true statement about the ash in the immediate future? A The ash will be an effective plant fertilizer and will result in record crop yields. B The ash will smother the crops, possibly leading to food shortages in the immediate area. C The ash will be a nuisance, but it can easily be removed from the area. D The ash may cause thunderstorms.

21. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 10. A large volcanic eruption covers nearby farmland in several meters of ash. Which is a true statement about the ash in the immediate future? A The ash will be an effective plant fertilizer and will result in record crop yields. B The ash will smother the crops, possibly leading to food shortages in the immediate area. C The ash will be a nuisance, but it can easily be removed from the area. D The ash may cause thunderstorms.

22. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 11. Georgia has no volcanoes. Yet, Georgia’s climate can still be affected by volcanoes. How?

23. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 11. Answer - Full credit answers should include the following points: Erupting volcanoes can throw volcanic ash and gases high into the upper atmosphere. Winds can move ash and gases throughout the globe. When a large volume of volcanic ash is hurled into the atmosphere, the ash blocks sunlight and decreases the global temperature for a short period of time.

24. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 12. How does magma form at a convergent boundary?

25. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation 12. Answer - Full credit answers should include the following points: As the oceanic lithosphere descends, temperature and pressure on the subducting plate increase. Increased heat and pressure cause the water in the subducting oceanic lithosphere to be released. The water lowers the melting point of rock in the mantle, and the rock melts.