1. Christina Catliff DOES GENETICS PREDICT ATHLETIC ABILITY?

2.  Genetic: its all in your DNA  Environmental : its all in the conditions you grow up in  Is being gay something you are born with or something that evolves over time? (genetics) NATURE VS. NURTURE

3.  Nobody actually knows what percent athletic performance is genetic but it is a large factor  There are 200 genes in the body that are fitness related  Muscle strength  Metabolism performance  Cardiovascular performance  Yet 50% strength (how your body is built) or flexibility  If your parents have a small build, very unlikely that you are going to become a large, huge, body builder. INTERESTING FACTS

4.  A gene that helps muscles protein contract at high speeds  Found in Olympic sprinters  Two “R” Variants one from each parent  Sprinting, endurance, strength  One “X” and one “R” Variant  Power sports, cycling, strength  Two “X” variants  Endurance, cross country, swimming  Two “R” varients is the best make up of ACTN-3  Kevin Reilly- author of “genes in sports” said about genetics; “ it’s a Question of their motivation, this (athletic genes) is A tool not THE tool.”  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YiOmni2Wjh8 ACTN-3 Tarini, Beth. Can genetic tests predict athletic performance in kids? Michigan, 15 March 2011. Video.

5.  Gene screening is analyzing the genes “ like the r and x variants  Create training programs that are suitable for your genetic strengths and weaknesses  GPE similar to gene therapy  Develop performance enhancing genes that aren’t given at birth  How is it different from steroids???  THIS IS AN “Ethical Dark Zone” GENE SCREENING OR GPE (GENETIC PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENTS) Santiago, C. ACTN3. 2008. Print. 29 May 2012.

6. If genetics have high importance in ability  It will help athletes train using Genetic steering technology  Will be easy to separate the high performance athletes at a younger age  The GPE will improve athletes boosting their interest in high level sports ADVANTAGES

7. If genetics play a huge role in ability  Athletes without particular genes will give up on sports  GPE is like cheating in a way, it would be like steroids yet legal in high class sport  Prospective athletes without particular genes will give up and there will be less practicing to be amateur or pro performance athletes. DISADVANTAGES

8.  More gov’t money would likely be put towards GPE studying  Money could be going to more important things like cures for cancer ECONOMIC ISSUES AND SOCIAL ISSUES  Is it right to have genetically enhanced athletes  If steroids aren’t allowed then why is this?

9.  There are 3 distinct requirements to become and elite athlete 1.Talent and ability which is largely influenced by genetics 2.A drive and passion for a sport 3.About 20 000 hours of practice MALCOLM GLADWELL THESIS Elliot, Stephen. The Rumpus Interview With Malcolm Gladwell. 22 January 2009. Website. 29 May 2012.

10.  Colby, Brandon. Outsmart Your Genes. New York: Penguin Group Inc, 2010. Print.  Elliot, Stephen. The Rumpus Interview With Malcolm Gladwell. 22 January 2009. Website. 29 May 2012.  Lite, Jordan. "Can Genes Predict Athletic Performance." Scientific American (2008): 7. Website.  Ronald, Robert. Facts at Your Fingertips. New York: Readers Digest Association Inc, 2001. Print.  Santiago, C. ACTN3. 2008. Print. 29 May 2012.  Shahane, Neeraj. Venture for ADME Gene Screening Research Panel. 2011. Website. 29 May 2012.  Stienford, Terry. Genetics Role in Athletics. 2011. Website. 29 May 2012.  Tarini, Beth. Can genetic tests predict athletic performance in kids? Michigan, 15 March 2011. Video.  Taylor, Charles. Kingfisher Science Encyclopedia. Hong Kong : Larousse Kingfisher Chambers Inc, 2000. Print. BIBLIOGRAPHY