1. 1 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. IOS Update for SwiNOG 4th Chris Martin Systems Engineer Cisco Switzerland Chris Martin Systems Engineer Cisco Switzerland 17 th April 2002

2. 2 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Agenda Cust.Sat Survey / Quality Initiatives High Availability Cust.Sat Survey / Quality Initiatives High Availability

3. 3 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Customer Sat Survey

4. 4 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Five Cisco IOS SW Quality Goals Embraced throughout Cisco Goal 1 - Reduce regression defects Goal 2 - Reduce customer-found defects Goal 3- Reduce total outstanding defects (backlog) in a timely manner Goal 4 - Increase software release clarity and feature consistency Goal 5 - Provide feature and maintenance releases with predictable schedules and quality

5. 5 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Goals of IOS Repackaging Simplify software selection process Eliminate massive feature set confusion Reduce internal cost Simplify software selection process Eliminate massive feature set confusion Reduce internal cost

6. 6 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. The Legacy - circa 1996 B e g a n s i m p l y... IP Enterprise (Includes Desktop and IP) Desktop (includes IP) F u n c t i o n a l i t y 37 Feature sets and 2500 images SNASNA VOICEVOICE ATMATM CRYPTOCRYPTO FWFW PLUS

7. 7 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. IOS Revenue by Feature Sets IOS Revenue by Feature Sets (Based on # of systems shipped 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Less than 10%of Feature sets count for 90%of revenue (platforms: C800, C1600, C1700, C2500, C2600, C3600, C5x00, & C7x00) IP IP+

8. 8 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. IOS Image Selection Today

9. 9 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. IOS Technology Packaging 3 Programs “Jenny Craig” - s treamline IOS code by deprecating older legacy protocols no longer in use “IOS Reformation” – Realign IOS to today’s market needs & simplify image selection process “IOS Inquisition” - End of life older images which are business justified – about 60%

10. 10 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Agenda Cust.Sat Survey / Quality Initiatives High Availability / Resilient IP Cust.Sat Survey / Quality Initiatives High Availability / Resilient IP

11. 11 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. The High Costs of Downtime The average downtime costs incurred in the past 12 months: $21.6 Million Ranges from $500,000 to $298M Equates to an average of $2,169 per minute % having experienced downtime costs in the past 12 months: 98% The average downtime costs incurred in the past 12 months: $21.6 Million Ranges from $500,000 to $298M Equates to an average of $2,169 per minute % having experienced downtime costs in the past 12 months: 98% Source: Sage Research, Aug. 2001

12. 12 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. High Availability means five 9’s or more Availability Downtime Per Year 99.900% 99.950% 99.990% 99.999% 99.9999% 8 Hours 4 Hours 53 Minutes 5 Minutes 30 Seconds 46 Minutes 23 Minutes DPM 10 100 1000 1 1 500 High Availability means an average end user will experience less than five minutes down time per year High Availability means an average end user will experience less than five minutes down time per year What Is High Availability? Carrier Class Means High Availability

13. 13 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. How is Availability Calculated? Availability (%) is calculated by tabulating end user outage time, typically on a monthly basis. Some customers prefer to use DPM (Defects Per Million) to represent network availability. Availability (%) is calculated by tabulating end user outage time, typically on a monthly basis. Some customers prefer to use DPM (Defects Per Million) to represent network availability.

14. 14 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Unscheduled Downtime

15. 15 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Scheduled Downtime 051015202530 8.4 15 15.1 16.7 17.4 23.7 23.9 Other Device maintenance Device replacement New device installation Site relocation Parts replacement Software upgrade hours

16. 16 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. The Edge is the Most Vulnerable The Core is redundant enough to disguise failures. The Edge is a Single Point of Failure. The Edge is what the customer sees.

17. 17 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. The Edge is the Most Vulnerable Failures here may affect thousands of customers Failures here may affect thousands of customers To Customers

18. 18 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Phase 1 Target Phase 2 Target Components of Downtime Detect failure Switchover to redundant RP or Relaod RP Reload image, parse config, identify LC in router Final Initialization, take control of bus Reload LC image Converge route table and inform LC of new forwarding information Restored Restore connectivity (I.e. Frame Relay, PPP, etc) Relative Time COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS

19. 19 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Delivering HA Features in Phases Phase 1 c7500 SLCR Reduce RP failover time (RPR/RPR+) Fast S/W Upgrade Faster FR recovery Phase 1 c7500 SLCR Reduce RP failover time (RPR/RPR+) Fast S/W Upgrade Faster FR recovery Phase 2 Non Stop Forwarding (BGP, OSPF, ISIS) Stateful Switchover (cHDLC, PPP, ATM, FR) Phase 2 Non Stop Forwarding (BGP, OSPF, ISIS) Stateful Switchover (cHDLC, PPP, ATM, FR) Single Line Card Reload (SLCR) Route Processor Redundancy (RPR) Reduce MTTR Maintain Sessions Planned Outages Phase 4 In Service Software Upgrades Phase 4 In Service Software Upgrades Phase 3 Additional protocol support (EIGRP, MLPPP, MPLS, IPv6,TBD) Additional platform support (c6500/C7600) Phase 3 Additional protocol support (EIGRP, MLPPP, MPLS, IPv6,TBD) Additional platform support (c6500/C7600) Delivered EFT

20. 20 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Initial Supported Platforms Phases 1 & 2 Cisco 12000 Cisco 10000 ESR Cisco 7500 Phase 3 Cisco 6500/7600 Future C7300, AS5850, MGX8850, C10000ubr Phases 1 & 2 Cisco 12000 Cisco 10000 ESR Cisco 7500 Phase 3 Cisco 6500/7600 Future C7300, AS5850, MGX8850, C10000ubr

21. 21 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. RPR+ Evolution High System Availability (HSA): Two RPs – if Active RP fails the system reboots and the Standby becomes active RPR: Two RPs, Standby becomes active very quickly. However, line cards are reloaded. High System Availability (HSA): Two RPs – if Active RP fails the system reboots and the Standby becomes active RPR: Two RPs, Standby becomes active very quickly. However, line cards are reloaded.

22. 22 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. RPR+ Evolution RPR+: Two RPs, Standby becomes active very quickly and without reloading line cards. RPR+ is a stepping stone for SSO and NSF RPR+: Two RPs, Standby becomes active very quickly and without reloading line cards. RPR+ is a stepping stone for SSO and NSF

23. 23 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Stateful Switchover (SSO) RPR+ Maintains link state Session state (I.e. Frame Relay, PPP, ATM, MPLS) is lost during RP switchover. Resulting in “dropped calls” and time to re-establish connections. RPR+ Maintains link state Session state (I.e. Frame Relay, PPP, ATM, MPLS) is lost during RP switchover. Resulting in “dropped calls” and time to re-establish connections.

24. 24 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Stateful Switchover (SSO) Stateful Switchover passes state information from the Active RP to the Standby RP. Resulting in maintaining sessions during a RP switchover. Stateful Switchover passes state information from the Active RP to the Standby RP. Resulting in maintaining sessions during a RP switchover.

25. 25 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. SSO Protocol Support Initial PPP, cHDLC, ATM, Frame Relay Now being developed MLPPP MPLS VPN and TE Planned Multicast Looking for input Initial PPP, cHDLC, ATM, Frame Relay Now being developed MLPPP MPLS VPN and TE Planned Multicast Looking for input

26. 26 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. NSF Protocols Support Initially OSPF and BGP Immediately after IS-IS Then EIGRP (for initial C6500 support but will support appropriate router platforms as well) Initially OSPF and BGP Immediately after IS-IS Then EIGRP (for initial C6500 support but will support appropriate router platforms as well)

27. 27 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Standards All work has been submitted to the IETF ISIS - draft-shand-isis-restart- 00.txt BGP - draft-ietf-idr-restart- 01.txt All work has been submitted to the IETF ISIS - draft-shand-isis-restart- 00.txt BGP - draft-ietf-idr-restart- 01.txt

28. 28 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. Find it on the Web Learn More About HA High System Availability (HAS @ C7500): http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/pd/rt/7500/prodlit/haibd_ov.htm http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/12cgcr/fun_c/fcprt3/fc_hsa.htm http://www.cisco.com/warp/partner/synchronicd/cc/pd/iosw/iore/iore111/prodlit/hsa1_in.htm Whitepaper on High Availability on Cat6k: http://www.cisco.com/warp/partner/synchronicd/cc/pd/si/casi/ca6000/tech/hafc6_wp.htm High Availability @ the Edge (C10000): http://www.cisco.com/warp/partner/synchronicd/cc/pd/rt/10000/prodlit/c1hae_wp.htm Route Processor Redundancy Plus (C12000): http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/120newft/120limit/120st/120st17/rpr_plus.htm

29. 29 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. 29 © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Presentation_ID