1. WORLD HISTORY CHAPTER 17- WORLD WAR I SECTION 2- THE SPARK

2. Europe endured peace and did not believe war imminent. Europe endured peace and did not believe war imminent. World improved by social reforms, scientific advancements & economic prosperity. World improved by social reforms, scientific advancements & economic prosperity.

3.  Balkans June 28, 1914: Archduke Ferdinand, nephew to Austria-Hungary Emperor Francis Joseph & heir, visited Sarajevo, capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina. June 28, 1914: Archduke Ferdinand, nephew to Austria-Hungary Emperor Francis Joseph & heir, visited Sarajevo, capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina. Ferdinand, when he became emperor, decided to give Slavs voice in government equal to Austria-Hungary, possibly eliminating a separate Slavic state. Ferdinand, when he became emperor, decided to give Slavs voice in government equal to Austria-Hungary, possibly eliminating a separate Slavic state. Black Hand (Union of Death), secret nationalist group, had seven assassins in Sarajevo. Black Hand (Union of Death), secret nationalist group, had seven assassins in Sarajevo. Archduke & wife assassinated by 19 year- old Gavrilo Princip. Archduke & wife assassinated by 19 year- old Gavrilo Princip.

4.  Balkans con’t Austria-Hungary held Serbians responsible for assassination. Influenced by German allies & Count Berchtold, Austria-Hungarian foreign minister. Austria-Hungary held Serbians responsible for assassination. Influenced by German allies & Count Berchtold, Austria-Hungarian foreign minister. July 5, 1914: Berchtold sent envoy to German Kaiser William II. July 5, 1914: Berchtold sent envoy to German Kaiser William II. William told envoy Germany supported Austria-Hungary in actions taken against Serbia. William told envoy Germany supported Austria-Hungary in actions taken against Serbia.

5.  Declaration of War July 23, 1914: Austria-Hungary delivers ultimatum to Serbia. July 23, 1914: Austria-Hungary delivers ultimatum to Serbia. Serbia had to end subversive activities and allow Austria-Hungary to investigate archduke’s murder. Serbia had to end subversive activities and allow Austria-Hungary to investigate archduke’s murder. July 25, 1914: Serbia responded. Did not want to go to war. Rejected demand of Austria-Hungary investigating assassination. July 25, 1914: Serbia responded. Did not want to go to war. Rejected demand of Austria-Hungary investigating assassination. July 28, 1914: Austria-Hungary not satisfied by Serbs actions & declares war on Serbia. July 28, 1914: Austria-Hungary not satisfied by Serbs actions & declares war on Serbia. Serbia & Austria-Hungary mobilize for war. Serbia & Austria-Hungary mobilize for war.

7.  War in Europe European powers push each other to war. European powers push each other to war. July 28, 1914: Czar Nicholas II mobilized Russian military against Austria-Hungary and Germany in support of Serbia. July 28, 1914: Czar Nicholas II mobilized Russian military against Austria-Hungary and Germany in support of Serbia. July 31, 1914: Germany issued ultimatums to Russia & France. France had to decide to stay neutral if Germany went to war with Russia. France supports Russia. July 31, 1914: Germany issued ultimatums to Russia & France. France had to decide to stay neutral if Germany went to war with Russia. France supports Russia. Russia did not respond to Germany’s ultimatum. Russia did not respond to Germany’s ultimatum. Aug 1, 1914: Germany declared war on Russia. Aug 1, 1914: Germany declared war on Russia.

8.  War in Europe con’t Aug 3, 1914: Germany declared war on France. Aug 3, 1914: Germany declared war on France. Britain undecided on entering war- avoid conflict through negotiations. Britain undecided on entering war- avoid conflict through negotiations. Belgium, neutral country, invaded by Germany Aug 3, 1914. Germany claimed France would invade Belgium. Belgium, neutral country, invaded by Germany Aug 3, 1914. Germany claimed France would invade Belgium. Germany demanded passage through Belgium. Belgians refuse & ask help from Great Britain. Germany demanded passage through Belgium. Belgians refuse & ask help from Great Britain.

9.  War in Europe con’t Britain sent ultimatum to Germany to withdraw troops from Belgium. Britain sent ultimatum to Germany to withdraw troops from Belgium. Germany ignored 1839 treaty guaranteeing Belgium’s neutrality. Treaty signed by Great Britain, France, Russia & Germany. Germany ignored 1839 treaty guaranteeing Belgium’s neutrality. Treaty signed by Great Britain, France, Russia & Germany. Aug 4, 1914: Britain declared war on Germany. Aug 4, 1914: Britain declared war on Germany. A local dispute between Austria-Hungary & Serbia became a global conflict. A local dispute between Austria-Hungary & Serbia became a global conflict.