1. Cardiovascular & Respiratory Systems

4. Figure 23.3B To lung Right atrium From lung Semilunar valve Atrioventricular (AV) valve To lung Left atrium From lung Semilunar valve Atrioventricular (AV) valve Left ventricle Right ventricle

7. Figure 23.4_s1 Diastole The heart is relaxed. The semilunar valves are closed. The AV valves are open. 0.4 sec 1

8. Figure 23.4_s2 Diastole Systole The heart is relaxed. The semilunar valves are closed. The atria contract. The AV valves are open. 0.4 sec 0.1 sec 21

9. Figure 23.4_s3 Diastole Systole The heart is relaxed. The semilunar valves are closed. The atria contract. The ventricles contract. The semilunar valves are open. The AV valves are closed. The AV valves are open. 0.4 sec 0.3 sec 0.1 sec 231

10. Figure 23.9_s1 Typical blood pressure: 120 systolic 70 diastolic Rubber cuff inflated with air Artery Artery closed 21 Pressure in the cuff above 120 120

11. Figure 23.9_s2 Typical blood pressure: 120 systolic 70 diastolic Rubber cuff inflated with air Artery Artery closed Pressure in the cuff above 120 Pressure in the cuff at 120 Sounds audible in the stethoscope 213 120

12. Figure 23.9_s3 Typical blood pressure: 120 systolic 70 diastolic Rubber cuff inflated with air Artery Artery closed 120 70 Pressure in the cuff above 120 Pressure in the cuff at 120 Pressure in the cuff at 70 Sounds audible in the stethoscope Sounds stop 2134

16. Figure 23.5A 3124 ECG Apex Right atrium SA node (pacemaker) AV node Specialized muscle fibers Signals from the SA node spread through the atria. Signals are delayed at the AV node. Specialized muscle fibers pass signals to the heart apex. Signals spread throughout the ventricles.

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19. Figure 23.14A_s3 321 Platelets adhere. A platelet plug forms. A fibrin clot forms. Epithelium Connective tissue Platelet Platelet plug Fibrin clot

23. Figure 23.7B Capillary Interstitial fluid Tissue cell Diffusion of molecules

24. Figure 23.11A Capillary wall Capillary lumen Interstitial fluid Nucleus of epithelial cell Clefts between the cells Muscle cell

25. Figure 23.11B Tissue cells Fluid enters a lymph vessel Venous end Osmotic pressure Blood pressure Arterial end Interstitial fluid Net fluid movement out of the capillary

30. Figure 22.1 Lung Breathing Heart O2O2 CO 2 Blood vessels 1 2 Circulatory System Transport of gases by the circulatory system Mitochondria Cell CO 2 O2O2 Capillary Exchange of gases with body cells 3

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39. Figure 22.11 Iron atom Polypeptide chain Heme group O 2 loaded in lungs O 2 unloaded in tissues O2O2 O2O2

41. p. 1038

43. Figure 22.9_s3 Cerebrospinal fluid Medulla Brain Nerve signals trigger contraction of the rib muscles and diaphragm. 1 Diaphragm Rib muscles Breathing control center responds to the pH of blood and cerebrospinal fluid. 2 Heart CO 2 and O 2 sensors in the aorta Nerve signals indicate CO 2 and O 2 levels. 3