1. AP Thematic Project: Year 2002, Group 1 Lashawn Taylor Thematic Essay: Describe and analyze the differences in the ways in which artist and writers portrayed the individual during the Italian Renaissance and the Romantic era of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries Critical Trigger Words: Analyze (show trends). Describe ( detail). Differences (contrast). Artist and writers (creative individuals). Renaissance and the Romantic era. Two Step Direction Phrase: I will first describe differences during the Italian Renaissance and analyze the differences artist and writers are portrayed during the Renaissance and the Romantic era.

2. Introduction: Italian Renaissance and the Romantic Era BP: Italian Renaissance writers: Petrarch, Machaiavelli. NF: Focus on the Romantic Era and their writers and artists. Dir: Direct the reader into the artistical and intellectual aspects of the Renaissance.

3. Introduction Part#2 Throughout History, we learn that while some eras may have similar causes and effects to it, others may have quite a few differences as well. The Italian Renaissance and the Romantic Era are two areas of the late 18 th and early 19 th century that although have a few similarities, they also have a few differences too. Both in the Italian Renaissance and the Romantic Era, the writers and artists often portrayed and expressed their gratitude for the art of their century in different ways. Shifting our focus, we will see how the writers and artists in the Italian Renaissance view their art and the whole concept of Humanism.

4. Body One Focus: how Italian Renaissance writers felt intellectually. Talk about Petrarch and the whole concept of being “ Father of Humanism.” Discuss Machiavelli and the book he wrote, “The Prince.” Narrow it down to the Medici Family and start to introduce Renaissance artists.

5. Body Paragraph One ext. In the Italian Renaissance, Petrarch helped popularize the notion that Italy was entering a new age of learning and individualism. Petrarch, while famously known as the “Father of Humanism” we see how differently he writes and think intellectually than those of the Romantic Era. In addition, Humanists during the Renaissance focus on their attention on the here and now and less of the after world. Lastly, Humanists focused on the individual and learning of human affairs. Machiavelli, another Italian Renaissance writer wrote the Prince. Machiavelli’s writings and ideas on the Renaissance endorsed citizen militias and republican government. For the Medici Family, they promoted and advocated civic humanism which served as an individual virtue and public service.

6. Body Two Focus: on the specific art in the Renaissance Discuss the availability of oil paints and the use of shading. Detail and analyze Leonardo da Vinci and his great skill in conveying moods through complex facial expressions. Discuss Michaelangelo and the 8 foot sculpture of David

7. Body Paragraph two ext. Renaissance artists were helped by the development of new technical skills during the 15 th century. The availability of oil paints, the use of shading to enhance naturalness, and the adjustment of the site of figures to give the viewer a feeling of continuity with the painting. These techniques enabled the artist to portray space realistically and to paint a mere natural world. Leonardo da Vinci exhibited the Renaissance ideal of the universal person. He had great skill in conveying moods through complex facial expressions. Michaelangelo, another Renaissance artist created an 8 foot sculpture of David which stood as a perfect example of Renaissance devoting to harmony, symmetry, and proportion. They mark artistically and physically the passing of High Renaissance painting.

8. Body Three Focus: Romantic writers and artists Contrast the differences of Romantic writers and artists and also Italian Renaissance writers and artists. Discuss Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and E.T. A Hoffman Introduce John Constable and his landscape paintings

9. Body Paragraph three ext. Romantic writers and artists saw the imagination and intuitive intellectual faculty supplementing reason to perceive and understand the world. Many of them urged a revival of Christianity. The Romantics liked the art, literature, and architecture of medieval times. They were also deeply interested in folklore, folksongs, and fairy tales. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, one of the Romantic writers wrote, The Sorrows of Young Writers. His work had a seminal influence in developing a unifying sense of nationalism. E.T.A Hoffman, however, was darker in its motifs and has gothic elements. John Constable, a Renaissance artist, is known for drawing his landscape paintings. He did the Dedham Vale which included dark gothic colors, and tall green trees that portrayed a gloomy neo-classical appearance to it.

10. Conclusion: Looking ahead... In the future centuries we will see for the Italian Renaissance, The Protestant Reformation and the Age of the Religious Wars. Discuss what occurs next after the era of the Romanticism Sum up all the thoughts and last additions to the essay/project about the Renaissance and Romanticism. Close off the essay/project leaving the reader with a few big points and ideas.

11. Conclusion: Looking ahead, The Italian Renaissance declined and fell during the 16 th century. Thus, this added to the beginning of the Protestant Reformation and the Age of Religious Wars. When the era of Romanticism ended it branched out a new and modern era in which, sadly, contrasted to the views of Romanticism. The Italian Renaissance and the Romanticism era differed simply because the Italian Renaissance were more focused on the individual, the body, and light colors. While in the Romantic era they focused more on the gothic view of things, and dark and gloomy colors.

12. Miscellaneous: Petrarch, Machiavelli – Italian Renaissance writers Artists in the Renaissance helped the development of new technical skills. Romantic writers and artists saw the imagination and supplementing reason to perceive and understand the world. John Constable- dark, gloomy, gothic colors.