4. UNTIL 1868 JAPAN HAD A MICODA OR EMPORER WHO GOVERNED BY DEVINE RIGHT PRIOR TO 1868 A FEUDAL MONARCH OR EMPORER RULED JAPAN - Offered protection to the serfs - Serfs in turn worked for their food and housing THIS WAS MUCH LIKE MID-EVIL EUROPE

5. EMPORER AND EMPRESS OF JAPAN HTTP://WWW.JAPAN-GUIDE.COM/SEARCH/SEARCH.HTS

6. - 1868 - 1945 Japan was ruled by an Imperial Oligarchy (rule by the few) - The emporer gave some of his power to rule to the nobel classes - http://www.asiadragons.com/japan/news

7. WW II United States occupied Japan Made Japan change its Gvt. It was an unconditional surrender (Japan had to accept all terms the United States offered and had no say in the matter)

8. General Douglas MacAuthur wrote the Japanese Constitution Japan became a Parliamentary Democracy (Monarch became just a figurehead). Constitution contained an anti-military clause

9. Japan renounced the right to initiate war Japan could have some defense forces Land/Sea/Air Forces shall not be maintained This was largely because of Japan’s Imperialistic culture Everyone would fight to the death if necessary http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~felsing/jstuff/gov.html

10. House of Councilors - Mirrors U.S. House of Representatives Members of the House of Councilors have prestige but very little real power. Their Chief role is to advise the Government 252 Seats, staggered terms 3/5ths elected by districts Japan is divided up into 47 districts called prefectures

11. The House of Representatives is where the real power in the Japanese Government is The House of Representatives has the power to appropriate $$$$ No real arguing goes on it the House of Reps. because in Japan they try to have political consensus ( unanimous agreement of all parties) Everything in Japanese culture depends on spoken agreement; shameful to not have consensus.

12. Japan’s Prime Minister and his residence

13. Appoints cabinet members Appoints people who have the same ideas as he does Cabinet members try to maintain agreement If the cabinet does not agree on an issue it is shameful or embarrassing Make decisions more as a group and it is the responsibility of the group to agree. If they cannot agree, the cabinet member who disagrees,resigns. Http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/index-e.html

16. BNA Act set up and shaped Canada’s government from 1867 to 1982 The Constitution Act of 1982 made Canada more independent from Britian - Repatrioted their rights and freedoms - Bill of Rights and Freedoms also added, similar to our Bill of Rights

17. 4) New Democratic Party - 5) Symbol for the Reform Party of Canada http://www.reform.ca/ 1) Progressive Conservative Party - NDP centered in Ontario 2) Liberal Majority Party - Current Prime Minister of Canada is a member of this party 3) Block Party Want to separate Quebec from the rest of Canada

18. 104 Senate Members, appointed by the Prime Minister, can serve until age 75 - Role is to add amendments, conduct investigations - Improve Bills 300 Members of the House of Commons, members are elected Elections are every 5 years Parliament can call for new elections at any time http:/www.newhoo.com/Regional/Canada/Politics

20. In Canada, the Governor General replaces the Monarch in his/her absence The Governor General is a ceremonial figure (makes appearances) Governor General can dissolve elections Current Governor General is a woman from Hong Kong Gives Speech from the throne, written by P.M.

22. Only major power to collapse after WW II President of France is not a mere symbolic figurehead

23. Appoints Prime Minister President dissolves Parliament Can assume sweeping emergency powers If parliament passes a law the President can take it to court Presides over council of ministers Commander - n- Chief

24. Power to Pardon Power to submit bills to Parliament

25. Single Member Plurality Districts (take federal territory and divide it into federal districts) Once a district is defined 1 person will represent it only Winner of the election for a district is the person with a plurality of votes

26. Weimar Republic Multiple Parties Radical PR (proportions) NSSA (Socialist NAZI party) Ungovernability Germans wanted governability

27. Elect 1/2 of Bundista SMPD districts Most important party at National level determines who gets a plurality of seats in parliament 400 seats Several elections, if get elected in 1st election you’re in Http://www.geographic.org/flags/ germany_flags.html