1. Mississippi State University Intro to Electrical & Computer Engineering P ower S ystem Application Laboratory (PSAL) September 25, 2003 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratory, Inc. SEL Project

2. Motivation Brief Overview of power engineering Show that power engineering relates to many areas of ECE Show that power engineering has high tech applications of technology Educate & Recruit ECE students in the area of power Power = Utility Power > Utility

3. Our Society Requires Energy

4. By 2020, U.S. Electricity Needs Will Increase by 44% Source: U.S. Department of Energy

5. 50% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Coal

6. 20% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Nuclear Energy

7. 16% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Natural Gas

8. 7% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Hydroelectric

9. 3% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Oil

10. 2% of U.S. Electricity Supplied by Renewables

11. The Main Interconnections of the U.S. Electric Power Grid

12. Power Flow Power Substation High Voltage Transmission Lines Transmission Substation Power Plant

13. Undergraduate Power Related Courses:  Fundamentals of Energy Systems  Power Transmission  Power Distribution  High Voltage  Insulation Coordination in Electric Power Systems  Power Systems Relaying and Controls For more information: Website: www.ece.msstate.com

14. What is Protective Relaying? Protective Relaying is one of several features of the power system design that is concerned with minimizing damage to equipment and interruptions to service when electrical failures occur. u Primary Function: Cause the prompt removal of any element of a power system when it starts to operate in any abnormal manner u Secondary Function: Provide indication of the location and type of failure

15. Types of Protective Relays Electromechanical Solid State Digital (Microprocessor)

16. Protective Relay Requirements Measure Power System Voltage, Current, and Breaker Position Detect Power System Fault –Short circuit via overcurrrent, current differential, impedance, undervoltage, etc. Trip Breaker –Isolate fault portion of the power system Communicate with Computer Systems Communicate with Humans

17. Protective Relay Requirements Dependable –Always operates for power system faults in the zone of protection Secure –Does not operate during normal power system conditions or for faults outside the zone of protection Fast –Detects and clears faults in milliseconds Accurate –<< 5% error over a wide range of fault conditions

18. Generating Demonstrations and Laboratories Using A Power Relaying Test System Mike Collum, Schweitzer Engineering Labs (SEL) Noel N. Schulz, Haibin Wang, Yanfeng Gong, Nick Amann, & Derrick Cherry Mississippi State University Allison Robinson, Mississippi School of Math & Science (MSMS)

19. System Data Flow Diagram uAll the Data flows are bi-directional Use PC to change the setting or get results from Adaptive Multi-Channel Source (AMS) through serial communication link AMS & Relay interact via serial communication

20. Check out… Broken Relays Demos