1. Asepsis and Infection Control
NUR 302
Professor Susan Blakey, RN, MS

2. Infection Cycle

3. Breaking the Chain of Infection

4. Organisms Seen in Hospital
Staphylococcus aureus

5. Organisms Hepatitis B Mycobacterium tuberculosis Escherichia coli
Human Immunodeficiency virus

6. Stages of Infection
Incubation

7. Stages of Infection
Prodromal

8. Stages of Infection Full Stage Signs and symptoms Convalescent
Recovery

9. Response to Infection
Normal Flora
Inflammatory Response

10. Response to Infection
Immune Response

11. At Risk for Infection Integrity of skin and mucous membranes
Integrity of WBCs
Vulnerable populations
General Health Status
Stress Level
Indwelling devices

12. Common Infections
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

13. Common Infections
Pulmonary Infections

14. Common Infections
Skin Infections

15. PREVENTION Careful assessment Early detection AND action Immunizations
Assess for infections

16. Laboratory Data
Normal values are listed. With infection, all are elevated
WBCs (5,000-10,000 mm3)
Neutrophils (60-70%)- acute infection
Lymphocytes (20-40%)- chronic infection
Eosinophils (1-4%)- allergic reaction
Pathogen present in culture

17. Patient Outcomes Handwashing Hygiene Nutrition Immunizations
Signs of infection
Symptoms of allergies

18. Asepsis Activities to prevent spread of infection
Medical asepsis- clean technique
Surgical asepsis- sterile technique

19. Medical Asepsis Hand hygiene Carry linens away from your body
No linens on floor
Cover mouth when sneezing
Do not raise dust
Do not shake linens
Clean to dirty
Transmission precautioins

20. Hand Hygiene

21. CDC Guidelines Soiled hands- Wash with soap and water
Not visibly soiled- alcohol based rub

22. Personal Protective Equipment
Gloves
Gown
Mask
Protective Eyewear

23. PPE

24. Disposing of Contaminated Supplies

25. OSHA Precautions
Standard Precautions

26. OSHA Precautions
Airborne Precautions

27. OSHA Precautions
Droplet Precautions

28. OSHA Precautions
Contact Precautions

29. Surgical Asepsis Sterile can touch only sterile
Do not spill on a sterile field
Hold objects above waist
Do not reach over field
Do not turn back on field
Outer 1 inch is considered sterile
If in doubt, treat as contaminated

30. Surgical Asepsis
Donning Sterile Gloves

31. Surgical Asepsis
Opening Sterile Packages

32. Surgical Asepsis
Sterile Procedures

33. Nosocomial Infections
Hospital Acquired
Handwashing- best way to prevent nosocomial infections

34. Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms
MRSA
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
VRE
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus
VISA- Vancomycin Intermediate Resistant Staphylococcus aureus