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Observation of Equatorial Electrodynamics in Africa using AMBER Magnetometer Network Endawoke Yizengaw Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College,

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Presentation on theme: "Observation of Equatorial Electrodynamics in Africa using AMBER Magnetometer Network Endawoke Yizengaw Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Observation of Equatorial Electrodynamics in Africa using AMBER Magnetometer Network Endawoke Yizengaw Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College, USA Mark Moldwin (Michigan University, USA), Alem Mebrahtu (Mekelle University, Ethiopia), Baylie Damtie (Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia), Fatma Anad (CRAAG, Algeria), and Cesar Mbane Biouele (University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon) 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09

2  Future direction  Objectives of AMBER Project  Initial results from AMBER magnetometer network Outline  Why focus on Africa? 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09

3 Equatorial plasma bubble occurrence rates measured by DMSP satellites (1989 – 2002) Why Africa? Burke et al., JGR, 2004

4 PAAM AF IN Fall Bubbles occurrence at different longitudinal sectors using data from the AE-E satellite (Hei et al., 2005) Not confirmed from the ground yet! Why Africa? 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09

5 IHY-Africa 2009 meeting, Livingstone, Zambia, 06/09/09 Electron Density, 1 Jun 08 @ 22:20 UT courtesy of Odile de La Beaujardière Recent C/NOFS observation over Africa

6 Global Magnetometer network 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09

7 Objectives of AMBER Magnetometer Array To address two fundamental areas of space physics:  the processes governing electrodynamics of the equatorial ionosphere as a function of local time, longitude, magnetic activity, and season, and  ULF pulsation strength and its connection with equatorial electrojet strength at low/mid-latitude regions. AMBER (African Meridian B-field Education and Research) 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09

8 JULIA 150-km vertical drift and magnetometer estimated drift velocity comparison August –December 2008 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09 Drift Velocity Validation

9 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09 South AmericaAfrica Drift velocity comparison

10 GPS_1 EARTH LEO Satellite Elevation angle GPS_2 Ionosphere Horizon of LEO Occultation geometry Topside tomography raypath Density response to the counter electrojet (08/09/08)(08/04/08)(08/10/08) 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09

11 GPS TEC response to the counter electrojet TEC depleted at the middle of the day!

12  Toroidal and poloidal (compressional) mode of ULF waves  Toroidal and compressional mode have north-south and east- west electric field perturbation in the ionosphere when it mapped along the field line, respectively.  Toroidal mode can only have pointing vector along the magnetic field; while compressional mode have pointing vector both in the parallel and perpendicular directions of the magnetic field.  The compressional ULF wave can propagate all the way down to the equatorial ionosphere right across the magnetic field. 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09 Geomagnetic pulsation caused by ultra-low-frequency (ULF) wave

13 IHY-Africa 2009 meeting, Livingstone, Zambia, 06/09/09 ULF wave observation at the Equator

14 IHY-Africa 2009 meeting, Livingstone, Zambia, 06/09/09 Universal Time Data Obtained on 222, 2008 Data Obtained on 223, 2008 ULF wave observation at the Equator

15 IHY-Africa 2009 meeting, Livingstone, Zambia, 06/09/09 ULF wave and density irregularity correlation courtesy of Odile de La Beaujardière

16 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09 ULF wave and density irregularity correlation  f(Hz)  H(nT) (Reddy et al., AG, 1994) Time series of Doppler frequency variation at three different altitudes, observed by 54.95 MHz coherent backscatter radar!

17 Future Direction during ISWI! 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09

18 Future Direction! Current GPS coverage Proposed to fill the gap Augmented with 1hr LEO coverage 2hr LEO coverage 3hr LEO coverage

19  In conclusion, such multi-instrument observations in the African longitudinal sector, a region that has been devoid from ground-based instruments, will provide excellent opportunity to the scientific community to understand clearly the physics behind the unique ionospheric irregularities that has been often observed by flyby LEO satellites.  The preliminary results presented here clearly shows that the ideal locations of AMBER magnetometers will play a key role in estimating the electrodynamics that control the equatorial ionospheric irregularities. Summary and Conclusion 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09

20 Thank You! 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09

21 MALI GPS station on August 09, 2008 No major scintillation activity

22 2009 UN BSS & IHY Workshop, Daejeon, Korea, 09/22/09 PUER GPS station on August 09, 2008 No major scintillation activity

23 IHY-Africa 2009 meeting, Livingstone, Zambia, 06/09/09 ULF wave observation at the Equator

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