1. Size, Growth and Composition of Adolescent and Youth Population in India by Dr. Sanjay Kumar National Programme Officer, UNFPA-India, New Delhi COMMEMORATING WORLD POPULATION DAY 2014 Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi July 17, 2014

2.  The adolescent and the youth population constitute a critical segments, as the future demographic, social, economic and political development depends on them  Therefore, investing in them seems to be the best way to leverage the nation’s competitive advantage for reaping the benefits of the demographic dividend Relevance

3. Definition  Different countries define adolescent and youth differently.  The lower bound ranges from 12 (Jamaica) to 18 (Bangladesh). The upper bound ranges from 24 (Jamaica) to even 35 or 40 (Kenya, Pakistan).  While there are no universally accepted definitions of adolescents and youth, for statistical purposes, without prejudice to other definitions by Member States, the United Nations considers –  Adolescent Population: 10 – 19 Years  Youth Population: 15 – 24 Years Overlapping age category of 15 – 19 years

4. Outline of the Presentation  Trends in size and % of Adolescents and youth population  Global perspective, India and its States  Future prospects of adolescent and youth population  Composition of adolescent and youth population by  Gender  Place of Residence  Social groups  Summing up

5. 253 million Adolescent population of India is more than the total population of 18 Western Asian Countries in 2011 Adolescent population Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cyprus Georgia Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Syrian Arab Republic Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen Western Asia (236 million) Source: Census of India, 2011, UN World Population Prospects, 12 th Revision

6. 232 million Youth population of India is nearly equal to the total population of 18 Western Asian Countries in 2011 Youth population Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cyprus Georgia Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Syrian Arab Republic Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen Western Asia (236 million) Source: Census of India, 2011, UN World Population Prospects, 12 th Revision ~

7. SlWorld / CountriesTotal PopAdolescent PopulationYouth Population Numbers% % World 6916119817.3122317.7 Adolescent and Youth Population: Global Perspective 2010 (Million) 1China 135919114.124217.8 2India 120523619.622919.0 3United States of America 3124313.84314.1 4Indonesia 2404318.04016.8 5Brazil 1953317.33317.2 6Pakistan 1733923.13721.5 7Nigeria 1593522.33019.2 8Bangladesh 1513221.33020.3 9Russian Federation 1431510.62114.8 10Japan 127119.41210.1  Around 36% of the world’s adolescents and 38% of its youth reside in China and India  The proportion of adolescents population in India is higher than China Source: UN World Population Prospects, 12 th Revision

8. Annual Growth Rate of Adolescent Population in Selected Countries (percent), 2000-2010  The highest negative annual growth rate during 2000-2010 was recorded in Russian Federation, followed China, Japan and Brazil  Nigeria and Pakistan recorded highest annual growth rate

9. Annual Growth Rate of Youth Population in Selected Countries (percent), 2000-2010  Among youth population, Japan recorded the highest negative growth rate  Similar to the case of adolescents growth rate, Pakistan and Nigeria had the highest growth of young population during 2000-2010

10. Future Prospects of Adolescents and Youth Population, India and China, 2010 - 2050 Adolescents Youth

11. Growth of Adolescent and Youth Population in India, 1961 - 2011 DecadesAdolescentsYouth 1971-8133.830.9 1981-9127.732.0 1991-200147.736.5 2001-101128.242.0  Adolescent population has increased from 85 million in 1961 to 253 million in 2011 (in five decades)  Corresponding increase in youth population is from 73 million to 232 million during this period Net additions during successive Census years  Unlike the decrease in the net addition of adolescent population during the last decade, the net addition of youth population in each subsequent decades has always been higher since 1961

12. Trends in Percentage of Adolescent and Youth Population in India, 1961 - 2011  Since 1971, the proportion of adolescent population has remained around 21%  The proportion of youth population has increased steadily from 16.7% in 1961 to 19.2% in 2011

13. RankStatesAdolescent Population % to Total Population StatesYouth Population % to Total Population INDIA253.2100INDIA231.9100 1Uttar Pradesh48.919.3Uttar Pradesh40.617.5 2Bihar23.39.2Maharashtra21.79.4 3Maharashtra21.38.4West Bengal17.87.7 4West Bengal18.27.2Bihar17.57.6 5Andhra Pradesh16.26.4Andhra Pradesh16.27.0 Adolescent and Youth Population: State Ranking, 2011 (Million)  Uttar Pradesh ranks first in terms of both adolescent and youth population in the country, accounting for 19.3% of total adolescents of the country and 17.5% of India’s youth  Bihar, Maharashtra, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh are among top five states in terms of both adolescents and youth population, with varying ranking for the two segments, though all these four states each accounts for less than 10% of the share of adolescents and youth population of the country

14. Adolescent Population: in India, 2011

15. Percent of Adolescent Population, State wise, 2011

16. Percent of Youth Population, State wise, 2011

17. Trends in Adolescents Sex Ratio in Selected Countries, 2000-2010  Among top 10 populous counties of the world, drastic declines in Sex ratio among adolescent population during 2000-2010 has been observed in case of China and India and also in Indonesia Sex ratio is defined as females per thousand males

18. Trends in Youth Sex Ratio in Selected Countries, 2000-2010  In case of sex ratio among youth population, China showed drastic decline of 36 points during 2000-2010  India’s youth sex ratio has declined by 8 points during this period Sex ratio is defined as females per thousand males

19. Trends in Adolescents, Youth and Overall Sex Ratio in India, 1961 – 2011  Based on Census data, the adolescent sex ratio in India has been low – with the lowest at 882 in 2001 to the highest at 898 in 2011  The youth sex ratio declined sharply from 990 in 1961 to 935 in 1971, and thereafter it fell in subsequent four decades, it fell continuously and during 2011 Census, it improved by 13 points (at 908) Sex ratio is defined as females per thousand males

20. Top five states/UTsAdolescent Sex Ratio Top five states/UTsYouth Sex Ratio Lakshadweep1053Puducherry1040 Arunachal Pradesh983Meghalaya1011 Odisha981Kerala1008 Meghalaya979Odisha1006 Chhattisgarh972Tripura1003 Bottom five states/UTs Adolescent Sex Ratio Bottom five states/Uts Youth Sex Ratio Haryana805Haryana834 Punjab791NCT Delhi829 Dadra & N Haveli775Chandigarh749 Chandigarh756Dadra & N Haveli627 Daman & Diu584Daman & Diu406 Top and Bottom Five States in terms of Adolescent and Youth Sex Ratio in India, 2011

21. TotalRuralUrbanPercentage Distribution RuralUrban 2531817271.528.5 2321587468.131.9 (Million) Size of Adolescent and Youth Population by Place of Residence in India, 2011  72% of the total adolescents in India resides in rural areas (181 million)  In case of youth population, 68% live in rural areas

22. Trends in Percentage of Adolescent and Youth Population by Place of Residence in India, 2000-2011  Percent of adolescent population in urban areas declined from 21.9% in 2001 to 19.2% in 2011, while in rural areas it remained more or less same  The reverses is observed in case of percent of youth population. In rural areas, it increased from 17.7% in 2001 to 18.9% in 2011, while in rural areas it remained more or less same

23. AdolescentYouth SC% to total adol ST% to total adol SC% to total youth ST% to total youth INDIA44 17.5 23 9.2 40 17.1 20 8.6 Social Composition of Adolescent and Youth Population in India, 2011 (Population size in Million)  44 million adolescents belong to Scheduled Caste category, comprising 17% of the total adolescent population of the country  23 million adolescents belong to Scheduled Tribe category, comprising 9% of the total adolescents in the country  Among youth, 40 and 20 million belong to SC and ST respectively

24. The current and future prospects of adolescent and youth population, as well as diversity, provides denominators for programme planning It is up to us to take cognizance of the huge size and invest properly for the future development of our nation Summing Up

25. Thanks