1. June 5, 1998TAMPL1 Experimental Examination of the Solidification of a Sugar-Wax Mixture Thermal Analysis of Materials Processing Laboratory Tufts University Medford, MA June 5, 1998 Brendon Lewis Heather Stern Alice Su

2. June 5, 1998TAMPL2 Experimental data - the temperature graph - microscope pictures Observations - Things we noted during the experiment Conclusion - What we learned - More research that can be done Process - the mold - the thermocouple - the mixture

3. June 5, 1998TAMPL3 What happens when a wax-sugar mixture is left to solidify at room temperature Cooling curves for each thermocouple -Does the location of the thermocouple affect temperature readings? Microstructure of the solidified mixture We want to know:

4. June 5, 1998TAMPL4 Experimental Setup - Creating the Mold: The mold: - Created using rapid prototyping - Placed two thermocouples to read temperatures in different parts of the mold thermocouples

5. June 5, 1998TAMPL5 Experimental Setup - Creating the Mixture The sugar-wax mixture: - Wax added into beaker containing the sugar solution when sugar solution turned amber The sugar mixture: -dissolve sugar in water -sugar heated to around 300 o C or until amber color The wax mixture: - beeswax pellets

6. June 5, 1998TAMPL6 Results : The temperature time graph we obtained: Shows a continuous decrease in temperature The temperature near the wall of the mold was lower than the temperature in the center

7. June 5, 1998TAMPL7 Results : The solid obtained after breaking the mold: A distinct sugar and wax region can be seen

8. June 5, 1998TAMPL8 Results : Different parts of the cone : Wax Sugar Sugar and Wax

9. June 5, 1998TAMPL9 Results: Sugar Region Wax Region Sugar-wax interface

10. June 5, 1998TAMPL10 Results : The microstructure of mixture upon solidification: Regions of sugar crystal in waxRegions of wax in sugar crystal

11. June 5, 1998TAMPL11 Conclusions: Mold: - Wax decreases in volume as temperature decreases - Difficult to remove cone from mold

12. June 5, 1998TAMPL12 Conclusions: Mold: - Wax decreases in volume as temperature decreases - Difficult to remove cone from mold Temperature: - Continuous cooling curve - Temperature readings near the outer edge were lower

13. June 5, 1998TAMPL13 Conclusions: Mold: - Wax decreases in volume as temperature decreases - Difficult to remove cone from mold Temperature: - Continuous cooling curve - Temperature readings near the outer edge were lower Microstructure: - Sugar appears smooth surfaced - Wax has uneven surface

14. June 5, 1998TAMPL14 Further Research Possibilities: Try adding wax at different times during heating of sugar solution Explore different sugar-wax concentrations Try different cooling rates Experiment with different shapes