1. WWI
and it’s aftermath

2. Beginning of WWI Began with assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The heir to the Austria-Hungary throne

3. Beginning of WWI On July 28, Austria declared war on Serbia
Russia mobilized it’s army on German border
On August 1, Germany declared war on Russia
Two days later it declared war on France
WWI had begun

4. ‘Mericans & the War Wilson declared the country neutral
Many choose sides especially the many new immigrants to the country
Most did not want to join the war, but supported the allies
Series of events will eventually lead U.S. into the war

5. Moving Toward War
Germans announced they would sink any ship around Britain without warning
On May 7, 1915, German U-boats (submarines) sunk the British passenger ship, Lusitania
1200 passengers including 128 ‘Mericans were killed
March 1916, a German U-boat sank a French passenger ship, the Sussex, killing more ‘Mericans

6. Moving Toward War
Germany promised not to sink any more merchant ships without warning with the Sussex Pledge
This pledge helped keep the US out of war a little longer

7. Moving Toward War
Britain intercepted a message sent from Germany to Mexico known as the Zimmerman Telegram
It stated that if Mexico entered the war on Germany’s side & attacked U.S., Germany would help Mexico recover lost territory
First 3 weeks of March 1917, Germans resumed unrestricted submarine warfare sinking 4 U.S. ships
On April 6, Wilson signed a resolution entering U.S. into the Great War

8. The Home Front
Wilson issued the Selective Service Act of 1917 requiring all men to register for draft
2.8 million were drafted and another 2 million volunteered

9. African Americans in the War
400,000 were drafted and about 42,000 served overseas as combat troops
Discrimination was encountered and they served in segregated units supervised by white officers
Several divisions won distinctive awards for their war efforts

10. Women in the Military
Women served in the war, but only in non-combat positions
Nurses, radio operators, electricians, photographers, pharmacists, torpedo assemblers
The Army Nursing Corps served overseas including 10,000 women

11. The Home Front War Industries Board created
Oversaw war time productions
Raw materials, construction of new factories, manufacturing of goods

12. Paying For the War
Liberty Bonds & Victory Bonds helped raise $ for the war
By buying bonds, ‘Mericans were loaning the govt money
Taxes were also raised

13. Federal Agencies Food Administration Fuel Administration
Supervised agricultural production, promoted food conservation & rationing
Fuel Administration
Increased production of coal & oil, daylight savings times, Heatless Mondays

14. Federal Agencies National War Labor Board
Oversaw cooperation between industry and labor unions
Committee on Public Information
Used propaganda to rally support for war effort

15. Women Support Industries
Increased opportunity for women
Took jobs vacated by men in the military
Factory & manufacturing jobs, shipping & railraod
After the war, many women were replaced by men

16. The Great Migration
Between 300k-500k African Americans left the south to fill factory jobs in the north
Changed the racial makeup of northern cities and caused tensions after the war

17. Supreme Court Limits Free Speech
In landmark case Schenck v U.S., court ruled free speech could be altered during times of “clear and present danger”
Controlled public opinion and stopped antiwar protests

18. The Conflict Trench Warfare – “No Man’s Land” New Technology
Reliance on machine gun
New Technology
Poison gas, tank, airplanes

19. The Conflict soldiers were sent overseas were nicknamed “doughboys”
U.S. used convoys to take troops over seas to protect from German U-boat attacks
No lives were lost at sea

20. The Conflict
March 1917, Russia leaves the war with the outbreak of the Bolshevik Revolution allowing Germany to focus fighting the western front

21. The War Ends
Nov , fighting came to an end when Germany signed an armistice, cease fire, that ended the war
Wilson came up with his Fourteen Points, plan to rebuild after the war with the League of Nations being formed to help keep peace
Allies thought Wilson’s plan was too lenient

22. The War Ends Germany signed the Treaty of Versailles, in June 1919
Forced to pay $33 billions in reparations, war damages, to the Allies
Required Germany to take guilt for the outbreak of the war

23. The War Ends Russian and Ottoman empire will dissolve
Austria-Hungary split into separate countries
9 new countries established including Yugoslavia & Poland

24. Effects of WWI on Economy
The War’s Impact
Effects of WWI on Economy
Mass demand for goods
Rapid Inflation
Strikes

25. Rapid Inflation
Rationing ends leading people to start buying these goods
With a high demand the prices rise about 15 cents a year
Inflation greatly increased the cost of living

26. Strikes
Inflation increased businesses operating costs. They wanted to keep wages low to compensate
Strikes occurred because workers wanted higher wages to keep up with inflation

27. The Red Scare
‘Mericans became anti-German during and after the war & anti-communist when Russia withdrew
Communism became associated with being unpatriotic and disloyal

28. The Red Scare
The Red Scare became a nationwide panic that Communists, or “reds”, might seize power
Postal Service caught over 30 letters to leading businessmen that exploded when opened suggesting a country wide conspiracy
Most believed the bombs were the work of Communists or other revolutionaries

29. The Red Scare
Palmer Raids, led by General Palmer, were raids on headquarters of radical organizations and homes of suspicious people accused of being led by reds
Run through the General Intelligence Division, soon to be FBI, led by J Edgar Hoover
Palmer loss credibility when he started predicting events that didn’t occur