1. Who do you believe is the most famous explorer of all time? Why? Give as many facts about your explorer as possible.

2. Australia Early Exploration

3. Why did Europeans send explorers? Sea route to the spices of AsiaSea route to the spices of Asia Gold, silver, precious stonesGold, silver, precious stones Curiosity; expand knowledgeCuriosity; expand knowledge Control; powerControl; power Spread ChristianitySpread Christianity Animal fursAnimal furs

6. First Inhabitants

7. 20,000-60,000 B.C. AboriginesAborigines Scientist do not agree to how these natives arrivedScientist do not agree to how these natives arrived 1. Island hoppers 2. Land bridge

8. Earliest Explorers

9. Willem Jansz 1570? Netherlands Sent by Dutch East Indies Company to explore route south of Indies First European (Dutch) to see and land on the continent of Australia

11. Louis de Torres 1606 Spanish Sailed through Torres Strait but never landed in Australia

12. TorresStrait

13. Abel Tasman 1603 Dutch Explored northern coast of Australia (1642) Discovered island of Tasmania; called it “Van Diemen’s Land” after General of Dutch East Indies

14. Abel Tasman

15. Abel Tasman’s 1 st Voyage

16. Abel Tasman’s 2nd Voyage

17. Broome, Australia X

19. Port Hedland X

20. William Dampier 1652 Buccaneer (pirate); not for wealth but curiosity 1688 became British navigator; sent by British to find Terra Australis Explored Australia’s coast and other large areas of the far South Pacific

21. First Englishman to visit Australia (New Holland) Lands on western shore of “New Holland” Bad Luck – bad ship, bad crew, scurvy, ship sank on return voyage Court marshaled; forbidden from joining navy

22. First Englishman to visit Australia (New Holland) Lands on western shore of “New Holland” Bad Luck – bad ship, bad crew, scurvy, ship sank on return voyage Court marshaled; forbidden from joining navy So….

25. James Cook 1728 British “discovered” Australia

26. Cook’s First Voyage 17681768 “Purpose” – voyage to Tahiti to observe passage of Venus between the earth and the sun“Purpose” – voyage to Tahiti to observe passage of Venus between the earth and the sun Rio de Janeiro, east coast of Australia (New Holland), East Indies (Indonesia), Indian Ocean, Cape of Good HopeRio de Janeiro, east coast of Australia (New Holland), East Indies (Indonesia), Indian Ocean, Cape of Good Hope

27. Accomplishments… Returned July, 1771Returned July, 1771 Claimed AustraliaClaimed Australia Explored, charted, mapped islands of PacificExplored, charted, mapped islands of Pacific Developed a way to prevent scurvyDeveloped a way to prevent scurvy

28. Scurvy Disease caused by malnutritionDisease caused by malnutrition Affected many sailorsAffected many sailors Resulted in illness and deathResulted in illness and death Prevention….Prevention…. eat “lots” of veggies!!!!!!

30. Cook’s Second Voyage July, 1772July, 1772 Purpose – find a large southern continent to balance the continents of the Northern HemispherePurpose – find a large southern continent to balance the continents of the Northern Hemisphere Tip of Africa, headed southTip of Africa, headed south Forced to turn around because of huge masses of iceForced to turn around because of huge masses of ice Came within 75 miles of AntarcticaCame within 75 miles of Antarctica

31. Cook’s Second Voyage… New Zealand for the winterNew Zealand for the winter Sailed again in the spring past Antarctic CircleSailed again in the spring past Antarctic Circle

32. Accomplishments… Concluded “No habitable southern continent”Concluded “No habitable southern continent” Discovered several islands of the PacificDiscovered several islands of the Pacific Accurate mapsAccurate maps

34. Cook’s Third Voyage July, 1776July, 1776 Purpose – search for Northwest PassagePurpose – search for Northwest Passage Tip of Africa, New Zealand (Cook Strait), Sandwich Islands (Hawaii), Oregon, British Columbia, Alaska, Bering Strait, Bering SeaTip of Africa, New Zealand (Cook Strait), Sandwich Islands (Hawaii), Oregon, British Columbia, Alaska, Bering Strait, Bering Sea Halted by Arctic ice; returned to Hawaii for winterHalted by Arctic ice; returned to Hawaii for winter

35. Accomplishments… February, 1779February, 1779 While in Hawaii, investigated a theftWhile in Hawaii, investigated a theft Killed by a nativeKilled by a native

37. Matthew Flinders 17741774 EnglandEngland Sailed around Australia proving it to be one large land massSailed around Australia proving it to be one large land mass Named AustraliaNamed Australia