1. THE TOLTEC CIVILIZATION Audrey Friend 04-20

2. Who are they? Pre-Columbian Native Americans Pre-Columbian Native Americans Language- Nahuatl Language- Nahuatl Name means: an “urbanite,” a “cultured” person, and the “reed people” Name means: an “urbanite,” a “cultured” person, and the “reed people” Dominated Mexico between 10 th and 12 th century AD Dominated Mexico between 10 th and 12 th century AD

4. Religion Tlazolteotl Tlazolteotl Mother of all Gods Mother of all Gods Consuming sins and making pure Consuming sins and making pure Goddess of childbirth Goddess of childbirth Gods were extensively worshipped: they symbolize answers for the uncontrollable fate of humans Gods were extensively worshipped: they symbolize answers for the uncontrollable fate of humans

5. Xipe Totec Xipe Totec God of vegetation God of vegetation Having a mask which represents the dry, infertile, barren surface under which is the lively seed of growth Having a mask which represents the dry, infertile, barren surface under which is the lively seed of growth

6. Coatlique Coatlique Goddess of earth and death Goddess of earth and death God of fate and destiny God of fate and destiny Smoking mirror: both beneficial and destructive Smoking mirror: both beneficial and destructive

7. Toltec Art and Religious Piercings Murals Depicting gruesome battle scenes Chief Bird Warriors Piercing his own cheek for losing battle

8. Strongly resembles an Aztec Eagle Warrior Strongly resembles an Aztec Eagle Warrior Ceramic Ceramic Represents a Toltec priest Represents a Toltec priest Drawing blood as an offertory sacrifice Drawing blood as an offertory sacrifice

9. Modern Toltec Body Art Nanautzin Nanautzin God of Garbage God of Garbage Jumped into sun to bring life into the world Jumped into sun to bring life into the world Ridiculed for wearing art from ancient times Ridiculed for wearing art from ancient times

10. Toltec Wisdom Don Miguel Ruiz was born into family of healers: Curandera (Healer) mother Nagual (Shaman) grandfather Near death experience enlightened him to practice Shamanism Wrote Four Agreements, Companion Book, Mastery of Love, etc.

11. Four Agreements 1. BE IMPECCABLE WITH YOUR WORD: Speak with integrity. Say only what you mean. Avoid using the word to speak against yourself or to gossip about others. Use the power of your word in the use of truth and love.

12. 2. DON'T TAKE ANYTHING PERSONALLY: Nothing others do is because of you. What others say and do is a projection of their own reality, their own dream. When you are immune to the opinions and actions of others, you won't be the victim of needless suffering.

13. 3. DON'T MAKE ASSUMPTIONS: Find the courage to ask questions and to express what you really want. Communicate with others as clearly as you can to avoid misunderstandings, sadness, and drama. With just this one agreement, you can completely transform your life.

14. 4. ALWAYS DO YOUR BEST: Your best is going to change from moment to moment; it will be different when you are tired as opposed to well-rested. Under any circumstance, simply do your best, and you will avoid self-judgment, self-abuse, and regret.

15. References www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/ latinamerica/meso/cultures/toltec www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/ latinamerica/meso/cultures/toltec en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quetzalcoatl – en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quetzalcoatl – www.maps-of-mexico.com www.maps-of-mexico.com www.miguelruiz.com www.miguelruiz.com Ruiz, Don Miguel. The Four Agreements. San Rafael, CA; 1997. Ruiz, Don Miguel. The Four Agreements. San Rafael, CA; 1997. members.aol.com/xiuhcoatl/tolwarb.htm members.aol.com/xiuhcoatl/tolwarb.htm