1. Moving to the City Chapter 20, Section 2 Pgs. 590-595

2. Tenement A building where several families rented rooms. It is an apartment building in the slums. It has small, dark rooms. A building where several families rented rooms. It is an apartment building in the slums. It has small, dark rooms.

3. Slums Poor, run-down urban neighborhoods Poor, run-down urban neighborhoods

4. Suburb Residential areas that sprang up outside of city centers as a result of improvements in transportation. Residential areas that sprang up outside of city centers as a result of improvements in transportation. Middle-class families were able to move to these locations. Middle-class families were able to move to these locations.

5. The Gilded Age Gilded refers to something covered with a thin layer of gold. Gilded refers to something covered with a thin layer of gold. The Gilded Age refers to the extravagant wealth of the time and the terrible poverty that lay underneath. The Gilded Age refers to the extravagant wealth of the time and the terrible poverty that lay underneath.

6. Settlement House Located in poor neighborhoods. Located in poor neighborhoods. Provided medical care, playgrounds, nurseries, and libraries as well as classes in English, music, and arts and crafts. Provided medical care, playgrounds, nurseries, and libraries as well as classes in English, music, and arts and crafts. Settlement workers tried to get better police protection, garbage removal and public parks for poor districts. Settlement workers tried to get better police protection, garbage removal and public parks for poor districts.

7. Cities Become Popular Immigrants made up 80% or more of the population in 1890. Immigrants made up 80% or more of the population in 1890. Americans moved to cities in search of jobs. Americans moved to cities in search of jobs. African Americans moved to cities to find jobs and escape discrimination. African Americans moved to cities to find jobs and escape discrimination. Railroads made the movement to cities easier. Railroads made the movement to cities easier.

8. Urban Problems Overcrowding Overcrowding Garbage and horse manure in the streets Garbage and horse manure in the streets Sewers overflowing with human waste Sewers overflowing with human waste Disease spread rapidly Disease spread rapidly Fire Fire Poverty Poverty Crime Crime

9. Tenement Life Small, dark rooms Small, dark rooms Three, four, or more people shared a room Three, four, or more people shared a room Several families sharing a cold-water tap and a toilet. Several families sharing a cold-water tap and a toilet. Few tenements had hot water or bathtubs Few tenements had hot water or bathtubs

10. Settlement Houses The most famous was Hull House. The most famous was Hull House. Hull House was founded by Jane Addams Hull House was founded by Jane Addams In a settlement house the poor could receive the following services. In a settlement house the poor could receive the following services. –Medical care –Safe playgrounds for their children –Nurseries –Libraries –English, music and arts and crafts classes

11. Improvements in Transportation Trolley cars Trolley cars Subways Subways Steel bridges Steel bridges Cable cars Cable cars Paved streets Paved streets Helped people travel within cities Helped people travel within cities Allowed suburbs to grow along train and trolley lines Allowed suburbs to grow along train and trolley lines

12. Efforts of Religious Groups Organized help for orphanages, prisons, hospitals Organized help for orphanages, prisons, hospitals Established recreation centers like the YMCA or YWCA. Established recreation centers like the YMCA or YWCA.

13. Efforts to Improve Cities Settlement house workers tried to get better police protection, garbage removal. Settlement house workers tried to get better police protection, garbage removal. The “City Beautiful” movement designed and built public parks. The “City Beautiful” movement designed and built public parks. The building of skyscrapers to maximize space. The building of skyscrapers to maximize space. The improvements on mass transportation The improvements on mass transportation

14. New Forms of Transportation The first subway was opened in Boston, Massachusetts. The first subway was opened in Boston, Massachusetts. The first steel bridge in New York City was the Brooklyn Bridge. The first steel bridge in New York City was the Brooklyn Bridge.