1. A New Spirit in the White House Chapter 13/Section 2/pages (426-429)

2. The Spoils System: Shortly after inauguration, Jackson fired many government employees and replaced them with his supporters For Jackson, spoils of political victory meant taking jobs form the enemy and giving them to the victor This became known as the Spoils System Jackson argued that changing officeholders gave more people a chance to take part in governing

3. An Unofficial Cabinet: Jackson relied heavily on a group of his own personnel nicknamed the Kitchen Cabinet Although people criticized this, Jackson turned a deaf ear and proclaimed: – “I do precisely what I think is just and right”

4. War with the Bank? The US government placed all its money in the Bank of the United States, giving them complete control over credit It also decided how much money state banks would receive: Farmers, merchants, and Jackson all hated the bank

5. Nicholas Biddle: President on the bank Where Jackson placed most of the blame Biddle asked the government to renew the banks charter: – If Jackson agreed, he would lose votes in the west and the south – If he did not agree, he would loose votes in the north When the bill came through, Jackson vetoed it

6. Shutting Down the Bank Jacksons actions were so popular that in 1832 he was easily reelected as president When this happened, he ordered federal funds to be Taken out of the Bank of the United States and placed into Pet Banks The bank of the United States responded to this by freezing cash flow out of the bank almost causing an economic crisis When the governments money was removed, the bank went out of business

7. Crisis and Conflict Chapter 13/section 3/pages 430-434

8. The Tariff of Abominations: Tariff- tax on imported goods Before Jackson came into office congress had passed a tariff that raised the price of foreign goods Farmers and manufactures liked the tariff Southern planters hated the Tariff Unhappy southerners nicknamed it “the tariff of abominations”

9. The argument for states rights Calhoun believed each state had the right to nullify or cancel any federal law that it considered unconstitutional Calhoun favored states rights (the belief that an individual state may restrict federal authority) However, this would give the states more power then the federal government

10. The Argument in Favor of the Union Daniel Webster- Senator from Massachusetts, believed that states rights were a threat to the union The argument surrounding nullification (the right of states to declare federal laws illegal) took place on the floor of the Senate

11. Jackson V. Calhoun No one knew where Jackson stood on the issue of states rights Supporters of states rights invited him to dinner assuming he would be in favor of nullification However, he rose at the table and stated “our union, it must be preserved.” Calhoun replied “the union – next to our liberty, it is the most dear” – Calhoun resigned a few months later and became a senator – Martin Van Buren became the next vice president

12. Nullification Crisis Question of states rights continued to arise Southerners became angry when congress placed another tariff on imported goods South Carolina lashed out by passing the Nullification Act which null and voided the tariff When Jackson heard the news he declared he would use any force necessary to uphold the union – They compromised and the Tariff was lowered but not removed – The state legislature repealed the Nullification Act

13. A Tragic Policy for Native Americans When Jackson entered the white house the government had already established a policy of backing white settlers moving into Native American lands Jackson strongly believed that Native Americans should give up their lands to settlers He believed that Native Americans could live more freely in Indian Territory (Oklahoma)

14. Resistance The Cherokee Nation proclaimed that federal treaties protected Native Americans as sovereign, self ruling nations Most Cherokee adopted customs of the white settlers: – Developed a writen alphabet and learned to read and write – Published a news paper called the Cherokee Phoenix – Wrote a constitution – Set up a representative for of government

15. The Trail of Tears Jackson convinces his supported to pass the Indian Removal Act of 1830 which provided funds to the government to remove Native Americans from the eastern lands When Native Americans refused to recognize the law, Jackson used his power of president to send federal troops into Native American Lands

16. John Ross The Cherokee Leader Lead his people on a forced march to Indian Territory The weather of the great plains took thousands of lives by the time they arrived they had lost 1/8 th of their people Among these was Quatie Ross (Johns wife)