1. Making Sense of Smells A Guide for Understanding Farmstead Odors Part 5: Odor Intensity and Offensiveness Douglas W. Hamilton Waste Management Specialist Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering

2. Odor Measurement How does it smell? How Strong? Charcter Intensity

3. Two Methods for Intensity 1.Referencing Suprathreshold 2.Descriptive Category Scale

4. Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity Odors are compared to standards of known intensity

5. Odors are compared to standards of known intensity using dilutions of 1-Butanol Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

6. Odors are compared to standards of known intensity using dilutions of 1-Butanol CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

7. Port 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 www.rka-inc.com Purdue Agricultural Air Quality Laboratory Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

8. Port vol/vol 1-butanol ppm 1 12 2 24 3 48 4 96 5 194 6 388 7 775 8 1,550 www.rka-inc.com Purdue Agricultural Air Quality Laboratory Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

9. Port vol/vol 1-butanol ppm 1 12 2 24 3 48 4 96 5 194 6 388 7 775 8 1,550 www.rka-inc.com Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

10. Port vol/vol 1-butanol ppm 1 12 2 24 3 48 4 96 5 194 6 388 7 775 8 1,550 www.rka-inc.com Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

11. Port vol/vol 1-butanol ppm 1 12 2 24 3 48 4 96 5 194 6 388 7 775 8 1,550 www.rka-inc.com Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

12. Results reported in ppm 1-butanol Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

13. Port vol/vol 1-butanol ppm 1 12 2 24 3 48 4 96 5 194 6 388 7 775 8 1,550 www.rka-inc.com Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

14. Results reported in ppm 1-butanol Intensity = 105 ppm 1-butanol Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

15. Results reported in ppm 1-butanol Log 10 Intensity = 2.02 ± 0.267 N = 12 Referencing Suprathreshold Odor Intensity

16. Descriptive Scale Odor Intensity Panel rates Intensity on a scale independent of an external standard

17. 1.Dilutions of odor are presented to panel. Descriptive Scale Odor Intensity

18. www2.dpi.qld.gov.au/environment

19. 1.Dilutions of odor are presented to panel. 2.Panelists rate odor intensity on a descriptive scale. Descriptive Scale Odor Intensity

20. Intensity Scale 0 = no odor 1 = very faint 2 = faint 3 = distinct 4 = strong 5 = very strong 6 = extremely strong

21. 1.Dilutions of odor are presented to panel. 2.Panelists rate odor intensity on a descriptive scale. 3.Statistics are performed to determine consensus of the panel. Descriptive Scale Odor Intensity

22. www.library.thinkquest.org Intensity vs Concentration

23. Measured Swine Odor Relationship 6 = Extremely strong 5 = Very Strong 4 = Strong 3 = Distinct 2 = Faint 1 = Very Faint 0 = No Odor Misselbrook, et al. 1993

24. www.library.thinkquest.org Intensity vs Offensiveness

25. Odor Measurement How does it smell? How Strong? Charcter Intensity

26. Odor Measurement How Good or Bad? How Strong? Hedonic Tone Intensity

27. Odor Measurement How Bad? How Strong? Offensiveness Intensity

28. Offensiveness is an Intrinsic Property of an Odor A odor will be equally offensive, no matter how strong.

29. Offensiveness by Olfactometry 1.Equal Intensity samples are presented to panel.

30. www2.dpi.qld.gov.au/environment

31. Offensiveness by Olfactometry 1.Equal Intensity samples are presented to panel 2.Panel rates offensiveness on a descriptive scale.

32. Offensiveness Scale 0 = Inoffensive 1 = Very faintly Offensive 2 = Faintly Offensive 3 = Definitely Offensive 4 = Strongly Offensive 5 = Very Strongly Offensive 6 = Extremely Offensive

33. Offensiveness by Olfactometry 1.Equal Intensity samples are presented to panel 2.Panel rates offensiveness on a descriptive scale. 3.Statistics are performed to determine consensus of the panel.

34. NotesOdors Character Verbal DescriptionOffensiveness Persistence Top Note Middle Note Base Note Concentration Detection Level Recognition Level OU Intensity Measuring Farmstead Odors

35. NotesOdors Character Verbal DescriptionOffensiveness Persistence Top Note Middle Note Base Note Persistency Concentration Detection Level Recognition Level OU Intensity Measuring Farmstead Odors