1. Title My Mommy Always Told Me to Wash My Hands With Warm Soapy Water!!

2. PROBLEM/QUESTION PROBLEM/QUESTION Will heat and soap affect surface tension? Will heat and soap affect surface tension?

3. Research At least three sources from internet websites, library books, etc. explaining surface tension, describing water and how water molecules are unique by naturally bonding together to form a bridge at the surface allowing insects to actually walk on water, also providing reasoning why warm soapy water is used when washing your hands, face, and even your dirty clothes. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/surten.html#c4 http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/NPS/kids/TENSION.HTM Drop of Water Picture BookEncyclopediaScience Magazines

4. Hypothesis/Prediction Hypothesis/Prediction I think that heat and soap combined will cause water molecules to break down the most, weakening the surface tension.

5. Experimental Design Experimental Design Step 1- Collect supplies; four small clear plastic cups, water, three bags of gem stones, liquid soap, paper towels, black pen and paper for labels. Step 2- Label four cups with A, B, C, D. Step 3- Boil 2 gallons of water in a large pot on a hot plate.

6. Experimental Design Experimental Design Step 4- While waiting for the water to boil, fill cup A to the very top (the brim). Do the same for cup B. Step 5- Drop one gem stone at a time carefully into cup A until you see the water spill over the sides of the cup. Count the number of gem stones it takes to cause the water to spill over the edge of the cup. Record this number in the chart, draw and describe the dome of water building on top of the cup.

7. Experimental Design Experimental Design Step 6- Now add five cups of liquid soap to cup B and allow a minute for it to disperse into the water. Repeat the process you used with cup A. Count the number of gem stones required to cause the water to spill over the edge of the cup. Record this in the chart, draw and describe the dome of water building over the cup.

8. Experimental Design Experimental Design Step 7- Fill cups C and D with the boiling water. Be very careful, get help from an adult! Fill these cups to the very top! Like cups A and B.

9. Experimental Design Experimental Design Step 8- Add five drop of liquid soap to cup D allow a minute for it to disperse throughout the water. Step 9- Add gem stones to Cup C until water overflows. Draw and describe the dome. Record this information. Repeat this process for Cup D and record your results into your chart.

10. Experimental Design Experimental Design Step 10- Repeat steps 1-9 at least three more times for validity, credibility, and accuracy.

11. Data and Graph Cup A 1 st trial 30 gems Cold Water2 nd trial 31 gems 3 rd trial 32 gems 3 rd trial 32 gems Average 31 gems Cup B 1 st trial 15 gems Cold Soapy 2 nd trial 14 gems Water3 rd trial 13 gems Average 14 gems Cup C 1 st trial 20 gems Boiling Water2 nd trial 21 gems 3 rd trial 22 gems Average 21 gems Cup D1 st trial 10 gems Boiling Soapy 2 nd trial 11 gems Water3 rd trial 12 gems Average 11 gems

12. Data Analysis Data Analysis As I analyzed the data from each cup I discovered that the water molecules were the strongest in Cup A, the cold water. The most amount of gems, 31 were able to be dropped into this cup without the water spilling over, which caused this cup to have the largest dome of water, in height, form at the top of the cup. In comparison, Cup D, the hot soapy water weakened the water molecules the most, as the smallest dome of water existed at the top of the cup and the least amount of gems, 11, were able to be dropped into the cup without the water spilling over.

13. Conclusion Conclusion In conclusion, my hypothesis was proven to be correct. The heat and soap combined caused water molecules to break down the most, weakening the surface tension. This proves my reasoning why my mommy always told me to wash my face and hands with hot soapy water. The hot soapy water allows the water molecules to break down enough to go into the deep crevices and pores of my skin, rather than just rolling off my skin like cold drops of rain.

14. New Questions What I Will Do Next New Questions What I Will Do Next After having done this experiment I am wondering what type of liquid soap breaks down the most water molecules? How do face washing soaps, hand soaps, body soaps, and dishwashing soaps compare in weakening the surface tension of water? I will compare the surface tension of water using different types of liquid soaps (hand, body, dishwashing).

15. Science Fair Information Science Fair Information Our school science fair is on Thursday, February 16 th, 2006. Our school science fair is on Thursday, February 16 th, 2006. Students may work alone or in groups of two. Student winners in the 4th-6th grade can go on to compete from our fair to the district fair, at the Salt Lake City Main Library. 5th and 6th grade winners from that fair can go on and compete at the regional science fair at the University of Utah. If you are interested in turning in a project that can compete at either of those levels there are more specific rules this year than in previous years. Student winners in the 4th-6th grade can go on to compete from our fair to the district fair, at the Salt Lake City Main Library. 5th and 6th grade winners from that fair can go on and compete at the regional science fair at the University of Utah. If you are interested in turning in a project that can compete at either of those levels there are more specific rules this year than in previous years.

16. Science Fair Rules Science Fair Rules You should go to the website: www.slc.k12.ut.us/staff/larmad/science/pages/sci fair.htm Click on the student's section and read through the rules and new procedure.

17. New Science Fair Rules New Science Fair Rules If you are turning in a project without the thought of competing at the district or regional level then our rules for our fair are not as strict. We encourage everyone to turn in a project but want those students who want to compete at higher levels to be aware of stricter guidelines.

18. New Science Fair Information AN OVERVIEW OF THE CHANGES: Students must turn in a journal that records their progress with their science fair experiment. Students must turn in a journal that records their progress with their science fair experiment. New display areas: How your board should be put together. New display areas: How your board should be put together. Abstract TITLEResults (Summary of Project) (Catchy) (Graph/Data Analysis) Introduction (Problem andConclusion background info/research) HypothesisDataBibliography (Drawings/Observations/Photos) (Drawings/Observations/Photos) Procedure (simplified)New Questions

19. New Science Fair Information *The abstract should be a one-page summary of your experiment that includes a problem, procedure, data and conclusion overview. Maximum of 250 words. *New this year are forms that must be completed before any human subjects are used. Read this section on the website if your project uses people in any way.

20. How to get Ideas For Science Fair Projects How to get Ideas For Science Fair Projects *Think of what really interests you or what have you been learning about in science this year that interested you? Then browse through science books, the internet, or ask your teacher. Then browse through science books, the internet, or ask your teacher. http://school.discovery.com/sciencefaircentral/ http://www.isd77.k12.mn.us/resources/cf/welcome.html http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/http://www.pbs.org/

21. Remember to Have FUN Exploring, Discovering, and Learning!! Good Luck!!

22. Science Board Layout Science Board Layout Abstract Summary of Project Title Get Judge’s Attention Results Data Analysis Graph Introduction (Problem and background info/research) Conclusion Hypothesis Data:Drawings/ Observations/PhotosBibliography Procedure (simplified) New Questions