1. Module 1: Understanding and Intervening in Bullying Behavior
Creating a Safe and Respectful Environment in Our Nation’s Classrooms
Module 1: Understanding and Intervening in Bullying Behavior

2. Introductions
Name
School/District
Role(s) within your school
Your three completed sentence stems

3. Workshop Objectives Participants in the workshop will:
Understand what bullying behavior is and is not.
Understand what bullying behavior may look like in the classroom.
Explore ideas for responding to bullying behavior.
Become equipped with specific strategies for addressing and reporting bullying behavior when it occurs.

4. What Is Bullying?
Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose.
Citation  13

5. Core Elements of Bullying Behaviors
Bullying is a form of youth violence that includes:
Unwanted, aggressive behavior
A real or perceived imbalance of power between the student(s) doing the bullying and the student(s) being bullied
Behavior that is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time
Citation  13

6. A Change in Perspective
From… To…
“Bully”  “Student who bullies”
“Victim”  “Student who was bullied”
Behavior is a Behavior can be
permanent  replaced or changed
characteristic
DRAFT update of Slide 6 based on Round 1 Feedback

7. What Do You See?

8. What to Look for in Bullying Behavior
Unwanted, aggressive behavior
A real or perceived imbalance of power between the student(s) doing the bullying and the student(s) being bullied
Behavior that is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time
Citation  13

9. Color Code
Red Card: Clear example of bullying behavior— contains all three elements.
Green Card: Behavior would concern me but it doesn’t rise to the level of bullying.
Yellow Card: No clear indication based on the scenario—I would need to get more information.
Red Card: Clear example of bullying behavior— contains all three elements.
Green Card: Behavior would concern me but it doesn’t rise to the level of bullying.
Yellow Card: No clear indication based on the scenario—I would need to get more information.

10. What to Look for in Bullying Behavior
Unwanted, aggressive behavior
A real or perceived imbalance of power between the student(s) doing the bullying and the student(s) being bullied
Behavior that is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time
Citation  13

11. Types of Bullying Physical Social or Relational Cyberbullying Verbal
Citations  1, 5, 8, 13

12. Social or relational bullying Physical bullying Cyberbullying
Types of Bullying
Verbal bullying
Social or relational bullying
Physical bullying
Cyberbullying
6/17/12 Note to Tim – to keep us from having to renumber all the slides, I left this one in and took out all the percentages except for the new one that we were asked to put in. I made this slide animate so that AFTER the facilitator processes a discussion about how much participants perceive these types of bullying occur, the trainer can bring each one up one at time. My revised language notes the order of these without using the %s, except for cyberbullying which can then still be discussed as we planned for. DELETE THIS COMMENT ONCE YOU’VE READ IT.
Citations  1, 5, 8, 14

13. Students Most Likely to Be Bullied
Some research suggests that students are most likely to be bullied because of perceived differences, such as:
Appearance or body size
Perceived to be gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender
Degree of masculinity or femininity
Performance in school
Race/ethnicity/national origin and/or religion
Low-income household
Youth with disabilities and other special health needs
Citation  6

14. Possible Indicators of Students Who Bully
Larger or stronger than classmates
Enjoy controlling others
Lack of empathy or compassion for others
Feel more powerful than others
Lack of emotion or remorse when discussing negative behaviors
Enjoy conflicts and refuse to accept responsibility for negative behaviors
Often have problems at school
Citation  6

15. Common Myths About Students Who Bully
Students who bully are loners.
Students who bully have low self-esteem and are insecure.
Students bully others because they want attention.
Bullying behavior is a normal part of children being children.
Only boys bully others.
Citation  7

16. Possible Indicators of Students Who Are Being Bullied
Physical signs like torn, damaged, or soiled clothing; unexplained cuts, bruises, and scratches; missing or damaged personal items like books or homework without a credible explanation
Socially isolated
Become truant or have frequent claims of physical ailments in order to be allowed to go home
Begin doing poorly in school, receiving declining grades
Citations  7, 13

17. What Do You See?

18. Group Treatment for Children Who Bully
The group becomes an audience for students who bully to brag about their exploits.
Group members can serve as negative role models for each other.
Members can learn from each other who to bully.
Citations  6, 13

19. Simple Short-Term Solutions
Bullying is a long-term, often repeated problem.
It takes time and support to practice and master the skills for intervening in bullying behavior.
Bullying is primarily a relationship problem among students, and long-term strategies are needed to create a safe school climate through building supportive and caring relationships.
Citations  7, 13

20. Conflict Resolution and Peer Mediation Strategies
Bullying is a form of peer abuse—not conflict between peers of equal power and control.
The strategies may further victimize the student who has been bullied and inadvertently give the student a message that he or she did something to provoke the bullying behavior and is partly to blame.
Such strategies incorrectly expect the student who has been bullied to solve his or her own abuse.
The session can become another opportunity for the bullying behavior to be repeated.
Citations  7, 13

21. Zero Tolerance Policies
Bullying behavior is never tolerated, but the strategy fails to recognize that bullying behavior is not a permanent characteristic of the student who did the bullying.
Because bullying is a behavior, it can be changed and replaced with more positive prosocial behavior.
Nearly 20 percent of students are involved in bullying other students— it is not realistic to suspend or expel 20 percent of any student body.
Students who are involved in bullying behavior are suspended or expelled when they are the students who may benefit most from continued exposure to positive prosocial role models and a caring school climate.
Citations  7, 13

22. Intervening in Bullying Behavior
Stop bullying on the spot.
Find out what happened.
Support the students involved.
DRAFT update of slide 22 based on Round 1 feedback
Citation  13

23. De-escalation Techniques
Maintain Control of Your Emotions
DO: Appear calm, centered, and self-assured; use a modulated low tone of voice. Be aware of options. Be respectful even when firmly setting limits or calling for help. If you feel you are losing control, call on a colleague, an administrator, security, or (in serious cases) your school resource officer or the police for support.
DON’T: Be defensive even if the comments or insults are directed at you.
Communicate Effectively Nonverbally
DO: Allow extra physical space between you and the aggressor, get to the same eye level (kneel, sit, or stoop as needed), keep your hands out of your pockets to protect yourself, and stand at an angle to the student.
DON’T: Turn your back, stand full front to the student, maintain constant eye contact, point or shake your finger, smile, or argue.
De-escalate the Discussion
DO: Trust your instincts, empathize with feelings but not with the behavior, suggest alternatives, and explain limits in a firm but respectful tone.
DON’T: Get loud, yell, scream, argue, or analyze.
Revised slide 23 based on Round 1 feedback—animation added ADD CITE
Citation  11

24. Creating a Safe and Respectful Environment in Our Nation’s Classrooms
The Five Rs
Citation  9

25. First R: Respond
Re ✚ s ✚

26. Second R: Research
Re ✚

27. Third R: Record
Re ✚

28. Fourth R: Report
Re ✚

29. Fifth R: Revisit
Re ✚

30. Elements of a Good Behavior Report
Fill out reports completely and legibly.
Report only what you are certain occurred.
Avoid editorial comments.
In cases where you observed the bullying behavior, report what you saw as accurately and in as much detail as possible.
Unless school policy forbids, it is best to write down the actual words a student said, including curse words, so that the principal and the parents understand exactly what happened.
Cite?
Citation  3

31. Thank You for Participating!
Reflections
What is something you learned in this workshop that affirmed what you are already doing in your daily work with students?
What is one idea, strategy, or learning that you feel you can apply to improve your skills and/or experience in your role as an educator?
Thank You for Participating!