1. Skeletal System – Structure and Function By: Alec Droussiotis

2. Skeletal System: Main Points of Structure Cranium – Protects the Brain Cranium – Protects the Brain Spine – Allows the transport of brainwaves through the body. Spine – Allows the transport of brainwaves through the body. Ribs – Protect vital organs in the Torso Ribs – Protect vital organs in the Torso Pelvis – Allows the connection of the Legs to the Torso Pelvis – Allows the connection of the Legs to the Torso The Skeletal System is a System of 206 bones The Skeletal System is a System of 206 bones

3. Types of Bones in the Skeletal System Long Bones – Bones that are greater length than width and are a variable of a number of extremities Long Bones – Bones that are greater length than width and are a variable of a number of extremities Short Bones – “cube shaped” and have equal length and width Short Bones – “cube shaped” and have equal length and width Flat Bones – thin shaped bones that provide considerable mechanical protection and extensive surfaces for muscle attachments Flat Bones – thin shaped bones that provide considerable mechanical protection and extensive surfaces for muscle attachments

4. Types of Bones in the Skeletal System (continued) Irregular Bones – Complicated shaped bones that are shaped due to the function i.e. the Vertebrae Irregular Bones – Complicated shaped bones that are shaped due to the function i.e. the Vertebrae Sesamoid Bones – Bones that form in tendons where there is a considerable amount of friction, tension, and physical stress; vary from person to person Sesamoid Bones – Bones that form in tendons where there is a considerable amount of friction, tension, and physical stress; vary from person to person Sutural Bones – Very small bones located within the sutural joints between the cranial bones; vary from person to person Sutural Bones – Very small bones located within the sutural joints between the cranial bones; vary from person to person

5. Inside of the Bones Bone marrow Bone marrow –Red Marrow – consisting mainly of myeloid tissue RBCs, platelets, and most WBCs are developed here RBCs, platelets, and most WBCs are developed here –Yellow Marrow – consisting mainly of fat cells Some WBCs develop in the yellow marrow Some WBCs develop in the yellow marrow Stroma Stroma –The connective, functionally supportive framework of a biological cell, tissue, or organ

7. Functions of the Skeletal System 1. Support 1. Support 2. Protection 2. Protection 3.Assissitance of Movement 3.Assissitance of Movement 4. Storage of Minerals 4. Storage of Minerals 5. Production of Blood Cells 5. Production of Blood Cells 6. Storage of Chemical Energy 6. Storage of Chemical Energy

8. Support and Protection Support Support –The Skeleton is the framework of the body –It supports the softer tissues –It provides points of attachment for most skeletal muscles Protection Protection –Provides mechanical protection for many of the body’s internal organs –The Bones reduced the risk of injury to these organs

9. Assisting Movement and Storing Minerals Assisting Movement Assisting Movement –The Skeletal Muscles are attached to bones –When these Muscles contract they cause bones to move Storing Minerals Storing Minerals –Bone tissues store several types of minerals, including calcium and phosphorus –Bone releases minerals into the blood when it is needed This facilitates the balance of minerals in the body This facilitates the balance of minerals in the body

10. Producing Blood Cells and Storing Chemical Energy Producing Blood Cells Producing Blood Cells –The Red Bone Marrow inside the bones produces blood cells Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, and Platelets Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, and Platelets Storing Chemical Energy Storing Chemical Energy –With the bone marrow ageing it changes from ‘red marrow’ to ‘yellow marrow’ –Yellow bone marrow is composed of adipose cells, and a few blood cells This chemical change is very important for a functioning human body This chemical change is very important for a functioning human body

11. In Conclusion The Skeletal System is one of the most important systems used in the human body The Skeletal System is one of the most important systems used in the human body It creates many types of blood cells, stores these blood cells, protects internal organs, and assists in movement It creates many types of blood cells, stores these blood cells, protects internal organs, and assists in movement Without this system it would be difficult for a human being to live Without this system it would be difficult for a human being to live