2. Creation of Ideal Cycles for Internal Combustion Engines P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Basic Thermodynamic Structure of an Engine…

3. The Concept of Mobile Power Plant Fuel (Resource) Land, Water & Air (Sinks) Power Plant --Cycle -- Basic Hardware -- Auxiliaries & Controls The Great Need : Mechanical Power

4. Carnot’s Theoretical Model for Steam Engine

5. Higher the temperature of heat addition, higher will be the efficiency. Lower the temperature of heat rejection, higher will be the efficiency. Efficiency of a Reversible Engine is independent of work fluid !!!! Carnot’s Quick Conclusion to Mundane Problem

6. Primary Hardware to Execute the Cycle Piston in Cylinder System : An Inversion of for bar Mechanism Impact on Thermodynamics Basic Geometrical Description:

7. Alternate Cyclic Operations of Reciprocation Engine A I R Intake Stroke Combustion Products Exhaust Stroke

8. Combined Thermo-Fluid Dynamic Cycle

9. Basic Hardware Eligibility Conditions to accept a Cycle Thermodynamic Parameters:

10. Basic Hardware Eligibility Conditions to accept a Cycle Geometric Parameters:

11. Carnot Cycle was found to be Impractical….

12. Need for a Practicable Model Cycle : Mobile Power Units Nicolaus Ottowas's first occupation was as a traveling salesman selling tea, coffee, and sugar. He soon developed an interest in the new technologies of the day and began experimenting with building four-stroke engines. After meeting Eugen Langen, a technician and owner of a sugar factory, Otto quit his job, and in 1864, the duo started the world's first engine manufacturing company N.A. Otto & Cie (now DEUTZ AG, Köln). In 1867, the pair were awarded a Gold Medal at the Paris World Exhibition for their atmospheric gas engine built a year earlier.

13. Displacement Work Devices : Spark Ignition Engine A I R Intake Stroke FUEL Ignition Power Stroke Fuel/Air Mixture Compression Stroke Combustion Products Exhaust Stroke

14. Displacement Work Devices : Spark Ignition Engine A I R Intake Stroke FUEL Ignition Power Stroke Fuel/Air Mixture Compression Stroke Combustion Products Exhaust Stroke

15. Air TC BC Q in Q out Compression Process Const volume heat addition Process Expansion Process Const volume heat rejection Process Otto Cycle Active Part of the Innovation

16. Simplified Thermodynamic Cycles Air-standard analysis is used to perform elementary analyses of IC engine cycles. Simplifications to the real cycle include: 1) Intake and exhaust processes not considered 2) Fixed amount of air (ideal gas) for working fluid 3) Combustion process not considered 4) Engine friction and heat losses not considered 5) Specific heats independent of temperature