1. GLC 2000 “final results” workshop 24-26 March 2003 Land cover mapping at global scale: some lessons learnt from the GLC 2000 project E. Bartholomé JRC-Ispra

2. GLC 2000 “final results” workshop 24-26 March 2003 Some observations on the following issues Properties of input data Pre-processing Classification procedures and cover type identification The way forward

3. GLC 2000 “final results” workshop 24-26 March 2003 Input data Number of channels (more channels would be better: cloud mask, LC discrimination) Radiometry (OK) Atmospheric correction (Cloud mask, aerosols) Geometry (Sub-pixel accuracy: the real difference) Data format (Global coverage in one single image)

4. GLC 2000 “final results” workshop 24-26 March 2003 Pre-processing How to build syntheses –3rd min albedo (Cabral & al) –Average (Vancutsem & al) –BRDF correction (Champeaux & al) –Cloud mask (Viaux & al., Cherlet & al.) How to clean temporal profiles –Low vegetation coverage (Defourny & al.) –Removal of atmospheric noise (Bartholomé & al) Good strategic choice not to wait for improved methods, but to directly start map production (last data received March 2001, this workshop March 2003) But results obtained through labour intensive techniques  difficulty to repeat regularly

5. GLC 2000 “final results” workshop 24-26 March 2003 Classification Most people have used from-the-shelf classification software –Classical approach: 1) divide space according to spectral properties, 2) label each area with reference information Ideally, the structural properties of each land cover class should have to be identified form space  capacity to measure a number of parameters: –Vegetation height for each strata –Vegetation cover for each strata (forest cover  fcover) –Vegetation type (woody/grassy/…, broadleaf / needle leaf) –seasonality

6. GLC 2000 “final results” workshop 24-26 March 2003 Classification At least two cases of ad hoc classification algorithm –Small water bodies (VGT only, semi arid regions only) –Urban areas (VGT + DMSP)

7. GLC 2000 “final results” workshop 24-26 March 2003 Next steps – medium term Combination of existing LC map with new data to identify possible changes Multi-sensor database to complete the spectrum of measurements Intensification on priority land cover classes to respond to specific needs (i.a. forest, agriculture, protected areas,…) – use of medium resolution

8. GLC 2000 “final results” workshop 24-26 March 2003 Next steps – medium term  We should consider LC mapping & monitoring at global scale as a component of environmental monitoring:  Technical commonality between several applications (e. g.Forest change & FCCC/KP, Agriculture & food security, protected areas & CBD, wetlands & Ramsar conv.)  Incorporate indicators of disturbances possibly leading to land cover conversion / degradation (e. g. fire, burn scars, drought index, surface water, etc…)

9. GLC 2000 “final results” workshop 24-26 March 2003 Next steps – long run Need to incorporate specifications related to land cover monitoring into future space missions –Choice of instruments / wavebands / repeat cycle, etc. –Quality of output data (e. g. geometry) Need for research to develop new approaches to retrieve significant LC-related parameters (e. g. BRDF parameters as indicators of vegetation structure)

10. GLC 2000 “final results” workshop 24-26 March 2003 The end !