2. rebuild and expand the imperial bureaucracy used scholar-gentry (Confucian) to offset the aristocracy upgraded Confucian education including the examination system

3. 53 years of CHAOS! Emperor Taizu Confucius ideas were revived, along with Tao and Buddhism, BIRTH OF NEO-CONFUCIANISM Lack of political strength led to deduction of occupied land Civil service exam Political leader rotation

4. Wendi spread empire across north China, reuniting the traditional core areas of Chinese civilization. made economic prosperity by lowering tax and reserving food supplies in granaries

5. Heavy decline of economy from… –Protection to kingdom named Xi Xia –Supporting over 1 million militants –Tributes to Liao for safety Wang’s new ideology slightly increased the economy The fall of Wang dropped the economy back down…

6. those who passed the hardest test got the name of jinshi - names announced, families secured, and special social statue gained although, some bureaucrats ensured their sons and cousins got into a good position even if they were unintelligent.

7. The Confucius scholars were often wealthy High dissatisfaction from the peasants due to the economic crisis.

8. Yangdi: forced massive constructions (Grand Canal), and failed to bring Korea into Chinese rule, which angered the people. was assassinated, seemed to have another period of war and chaos

9. Constant push from the north The economy fell Lack of military power