1. EMBARKATION FUNDAMENTALS
NAVEDTRA C
106
EMBARKATION FUNDAMENTALS

2. Embarkation Fundamentals
References:
COMFIRSTNCDINST , Movement Control Center
MCRP H, Convoy Tactical Operations

3. Embarkation Fundamentals
AMC Pamphlet , Vol. 1, AMC Affiliation Program Equipment Preparation Course
JP Joint Tactics, Techniques and Procedures for Movement

4. Embarkation Fundamentals
PQS Question Explain the operations of the battalion Movement Control Center. (MCC)
Reference: COMFIRSTNCDINST , Movement Control Center

5. MCC
Operations
The Movement Control Center controls, coordinates, and monitors the movement of all personnel, supplies, and equipment to the embarkation staging area

6. Embarkation Fundamentals
PQS Question Who is responsible for the operation of the battalion MCC?
Reference: COMFIRSTNCDINST , Movement Control Center

7. MCC The XO is responsible of the operations in MCC
MCC controls, coordinates, and monitors the movement of all personnel, supplies, and equipment to an embarkation staging area.

8. Embarkation Fundamentals
PQS Question State the purpose and the function of Unit Movement Control Center (UMCC).
Reference: JP Joint Tactics, Techniques and Procedures for Movement

9. UMCC
A temporary organization activated by major subordinate commands and subordinate units during deployment:
Ensures units are prepared for embarkation and coordinate movement of forces.
Direct unit marshalling.
Coordinate movement assets.
Identify and coordinate with the next higher MCC for additional support requirements beyond organizational capabilities.
Deconflict competing movement requirements within the organization.

10. Embarkation Fundamentals
PQS Question Describe the duties and responsibilities of the following key Embark personnel. Embark Officer Embark Chief Embark LPO
Reference: COMFIRSTNCDINST

11. EMBARK
Embark Officer – An officer on the staff of units of the landing force who advises the commander thereof on matters pertaining to embarkation planning and loading. Embark Chief – Has lead in movement ops that are in direct support of their COCOM and supports movement ops manager when supporting other COCOM’s Embark LPO - Assist the movement ops manager or the NCR embark Chief Petty Officer in all movement ops.

12. COUNTER BALANCE
PQS Question Explain the procedures to calculate the center of balance on CESE.
Reference: AMP PAM , Vol 1

13. CENTER BALANCE
WEIGH ALL AXLES (COMBINED WEIGHT OF AXLE), ESTABLISH A RDL (REFERENCE DATUM LINE) AT THE FRONT AXLE, MEASURE DISTANCE FROM RDL TO ALL AXLES (TO CENTER OF DUAL AXLES), COMPUTE MOMENTS FOR ALL AXLES OR COMBINED AXLES, DIVIDE TOTAL MOMENTS BY TOTAL WEIGHT TO DETERMINE CB.
EXAMPLE: WEIGHT x DISTANCE = MOMENT
(A 2 ½ TON TRUCK WITH TRAILER)
FRONT AXLE: 5,750 LBS x 0” = 0
REAR AXLE: 7,894 LBS x 154” = 1,215,676
TRI-AXLE: 2,668 LBS x 336” = 896,448
TOTAL: 16,312 LBS 2,112,124
2,112,124 DIVIDED BY 16,312 = = 129 (ROUND TO NEAREST WHOLE INCH)
THE CB FOR THE COMBINED LOAD IS 129 INCHES AFT OF THE FRONT AXLE.

14. SHORING
PQS Question Explain the four types of shoring used during embarkation operations. * Sleeper * Rolling * Parking * Approaching
Reference: AMP PAM , Vol 1

15. SHORING
Sleeper – Use sleeper shoring under the frame or axles of vehicles that weigh over 20,000 pounds are are equipped with soft, low pressure, balloon-type, off road tires. Sleeper – prevents vehicle from bouncing up and down

16. SHORING
Rolling – Use rolling shoring to protect the aircraft parking ramp, and the cargo floor and loading ramps of cargo airplanes from damage when transporting a vehicle across it.

17. SHORING
Parking – Use parking to protect the aircraft floor or ramps from contact such as blades, buckets, fork-lift tines, steel wheels, trailer tongue support.

18. SHORING
Approaching – Use approach shoring to decrease the approach angle of aircraft loading ramps. This is because some items of cargo will strike the aircraft or ground due to loading/offloading operations.

19. CONVOYS
PQS Question Describe the movement formations and techniques of a convoy.
Reference: MCRP H, Convoy Tactical Operations

20. CONVOYS Three Divisions March Column Composed of entire convoy
Convoy Commander in charge
Serial Column
Limited to 20 vehicles
Unit Column
Limited to 10 vehicles or less

21. CONVOYS Road Routes Green relatively safe from hostile activity Yellow
subject to limited activity
Red
hostile activity is imminent

22. CONVOYS Rules of the Road 30 mph on open road
100 ft interval between vehicles
Speed determined by slowest vehicle in convoy

23. CONVOYS
PQS Question Identify and explain the elements of a convoy organization.
Reference: MCRP H, Convoy Tactical Operations

24. ESSENTIAL CONVOY POSITIONS
Convoy Commander
initiates, issues and enforces march orders
supervises movement
Serial Commander
In charge of 20 vehicles
Supervises serial
Answers to Convoy Commander

25. ESSENTIAL CONVOY POSITIONS
Advance Officer
Precedes the column
Recons the route and selects alternate routes
Notifies proper authorities
Post traffic control personnel
Trail Officer
Post warning flags
prevent interference
enforce convoy discipline
collects traffic control personnel

26. ESSENTIAL CONVOY POSITIONS
Unit Commander
Responsible for 10 units of CESE
Maintenance Officer
Rides at rear of convoy
Responsible for CESE maintenance

27. OTHER CONVOY POSITIONS
Vehicle Commander
Usually a Petty Officer in charge of all vehicles carrying troops
Pace Setter
Usually a Petty Officer stationed in lead vehicle.
Guides
Personnel posted at critical intersections when on non-tactical convoys
Escorts
Military Police or other personnel for a non-tactical movement
During tactical movements, the escorts may be armed guards, armed aircraft, infantry, armored units, or other units as required to protect or accompany the convoy.

28. CONVOYS
PQS Question Identify planning requirements for vehicle convoys.
Reference: MCRP H, Convoy Tactical Operations

29. CONVOY
* The first step in a safe convoy is careful and thorough planning. To begin planning a convoy, a few key pieces of information are needed. Among these are:
Time the event host needs the vehicles to arrive.
Number of vehicles expected for convoy.
Size (weight, height, width) of largest vehicle expected.
Cruising speeds of the various vehicles.
Un-refueled range of the various vehicles.

30. CONVOYS
PQS Question Describe vehicle convoy logistics and security requirements.
Reference: MCRP H, Convoy Tactical Operations

31. CONVOY Vehicle Configuration
a. Hardening Vehicles. Use Kevlar blankets, armor plating, ballistic glass, and
other protective devices (i.e., sand bags).
(1) Makes certain vehicle components less vulnerable.
(2) Significantly protects occupants from injury or death in the case of
attack.
b. Camouflage and Concealment.
(1) Camouflage or cover shiny surfaces.
(2) Paint vehicles in a pattern to blend in with the terrain and break the
outline.
(3) Train operators to look for other means of concealment to break the
outline of the vehicle.
(4) Don’t run lights during a daytime convoy as this can easily identify you
as US forces.
(5) Tape over running lights and front lights to reduce profile.

32. CONVOY Convoy Communication
a. Primary means of communication with movement control, air support, and within the convoy is by radio. Radios must be secure-capable communications means.
b. There are three types of communications to be considered:
(1) Vehicle internal.
(2) Vehicle to vehicle.
(3) External to convoy.
c. Alternate communications techniques within the convoy (e.g., hand signals,
pyrotechnics, vehicle signals, etc.). Techniques must be covered by the CC
during the convoy briefing and rehearsals.
d. Strive to have a minimum of two GPS navigation and messaging systems
within each convoy.
e. CC and ACC must know theater-level convoy channel to coordinate with

33. CONVOY
battalion-level command posts that monitor and can assist with QRF. They must
also know the emergency frequencies for MEDEVAC and air support along the
route and brief this information to the drivers. Most USAF aircraft are not single-channel ground and airborne radio system (SINCGARS) capable, with the
exception of Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System (JSTARS) and some
special operations aircraft. Ensure CSE team is briefed on routes and hostile contacts.