1. Interconnections: The IMLS National Study on the Use of Libraries, Museums and the Internet José-Marie Griffiths, Dean and Professor Donald W. King, Distinguished Research Professor School of Information and Library Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

2. Overview Conduct national survey of information needs of users and potential users of online information Primary focus on museums, public libraries and the Internet as sources Telephone surveys of adults (18 and over)

3. Surveys

4. The Power of Trust Conclusion 1: Libraries and museums evoke consistent, extraordinary public trust among diverse adult users.

5. Libraries and museums are the most trusted sources of information according to a survey of over 1,700 adults.

6. The Internet Does Not Kill Libraries and Museums Conclusion #2: Internet use is positively related to in-person visits to museums and libraries.

7. Adults Who Use the Internet are More Likely to Visit Libraries and Museums 66.4% 38.3% 73.3% 66.7% 47.4% 71.0% 0%20%40%60%80%100% Proportion of Adult Visitors Museums Public Libraries Proportion of Public Library and Museum Visitors Who Use or Do Not Use the Internet Internet users Non-users of the Internet All adults

8. Adults Who Use the Internet Visit Libraries and Museums More Often 3.14 1.34 3.46 3.42 3.36 3.44 12345 Number of visits per adult Museums Public Libraries Average Number of Public Library and Museum Visits by Those Who Use and Do Not Use the Internet Internet users Non-users of the Internet All adults

9. Amount of use of the Internet is positively correlated with the number of in-person visits to museums and has a positive effect on in-person visits to public libraries. Trends in increased in-person visits to museums and public libraries are much more positive with adults who use the Internet than with those who do not.

10. Total Number of Visits to Museums by Adults, 2006 In-Person Visits701 million Remote Online Visits542 million Total Visits1.2 billion Total Number of Visits to Public Libraries by Adults, 2006 In-Person Visits762 million Remote Online Visits558 million Total Visits1.3 billion

12. The number of remote online visits is positively correlated with the number of in-person visits to museums and public libraries.

13. Q. Why do we need museums and libraries if we have the Internet? A.Interconnections Conclusion #3: Museums and public libraries in-person and online serve important and complementary roles in supporting a wide variety of information needs.

14. To fulfill their need for information, most adults use museums, public libraries, and the Internet. Museums and public libraries are used by 70%, the Internet is used by 83%, and nearly half (47%) use all three. Only 7% of adults do not use any of the three sources.

15. The vast majority of visitors to museums (95%) and public libraries (96%) visit in-person; 45% of museum visitors visit online and in-person and 42% of public library visitors visit online and in-person.

16. Interconnections

18. Both in-person and remote visits to museums are learning experiences with adults indicating they learned something new in 87% of in-person visits and 86% of remote visits. Children were helped with learning more in 8% of in-person visits and 5% of remote visits.

19. The different modes of access to public libraries tend to address very different distributions of information needs. Online visits (both remote and in- library) are used much more for formal education and work-related needs than other in-person visits which are used much more for recreation or entertainment purposes.

20. José-Marie Griffiths, PhD Dean and Professor Donald W. King Distinguished Research Professor School of Information and Library Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Email: jmgriff@unc.edu, dwk@unc.edujmgriff@unc.edu phone: (919)962-8366 fax: (919)962-8071 Mail: School of Information and Library Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #3360100 Manning Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3360