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Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fusion The power source of the stars!

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Presentation on theme: "Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fusion The power source of the stars!"— Presentation transcript:

1 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fusion The power source of the stars!

2 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. What is nuclear fusion? Fusion is the fusing together of two small nuclei to produce a bigger nucleus and release energy in the process. It is the nuclear reaction that takes place in the stars! Keywords are in red

3 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. What conditions are needed for fusion to occur? High temperature High Pressure Just what you get inside a star!

4 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Why does fusion happen? Fusion occurs only if its product is of lower energy (or is more stable ) than the two nuclei that fuse together. This is only the case for nuclei with less than 56 protons… therefore elements up to iron are made within the normal fusion process in a star. Heavier elements are made in supernovae explosions.

5 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. We Are stardust! A star is made up mainly of hydrogen and helium. In the early Universe hydrogen was the only element! Fusion is the process by which nuclei fuse together and heavier nuclei are formed. Explosions of massive stars result in heavier elements – these are then flung out into space. We are stardust – the atoms in us were formed inside the great fusion reactors out in space – or when the explode into stardust!

6 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Hydrogen nuclei are single protons They fuse to give deuterium (an isotope of hydrogen) and a free positron and neutrino

7 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. The deuterium fuses with another hydrogen nucleus forming helium 3 – excess energy is given out as a photon.

8 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Two of these helium- 3 nuclei can combine to give the very stable helium 4 and a lot of energy is released. When something more stable is produced energy is given out.

9 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Another reaction equation There are more ways in which fusion can occur. A Deuterium can combine with tritium. Could you write the equation for that?

10 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Another reaction equation

11 Garfield Graphics included with kind permission from PAWS Inc. All Rights Reserved. The sort of questions you could get Explaining what fusion is. –Two smaller nuclei fusing into one Explaining what conditions are needed for the reaction Recalling that the primary reaction is hydrogen fusing to make helium but that it then goes on to make other elements too. Balancing an equation that was partly filled in for you.

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