1. Ocean and Climate http://climatekids. nasa. gov/ocean/ http://www
Eric Angat
Teacher

2. How do the oceans influence the climate?
Essential Question
How do the oceans influence the climate?

3. Uneven distribution of light because Earth is tilted.
Cold ( tundra)
temperate
Desert 30°
Warm 0° (tropics)
Desert 30°
The Tundra is the coldest biome in the world. Also, the Tundra biome is a wasteland with permanently frozen dirt called permafrost. The Tundra biome types include the Alpine Tundra, Arctic Tundra, and the Antarctic Tundra. The Tundra biome is located  mainly in the North Pole, South Pole, and Antarctica. The origin of the word "Tundra" comes from Finnish tunturi meaning treeless plain.
Many deserts are found in bands along 30 degrees latitude north and 30 degrees latitude south (between the red lines on the map).
Some deserts located by mountains and are caused by the "rainshadow" effect. As air moves up over a mountain range, it gets cold and loses the ability to hold moisture -- so it rains or snows. When the air moves down the other side of the mountain, it gets warmer. Warm air can hold lots of moisture, so it doesn't rain as much, and a desert is formed.
temperate
Cold ( tundra

4. 1. How do ocean currents work?
COLD WATER SINKS (convection)
WARM WATER IS LESS DENSE THAN COLD WATER. That is why it rises.
In Finding Nemo, Dory and Marlin travel the East Australian Current to find Marlin's son in Sydney, Australia.
WARM WATER RISES (convection)
Ocean currents work because of density differences and temperature. This leads to the CONVECTION CURRENT IN THE OCEAN or Global Conveyor Belt.

5. 2. What are the three types of heat transfer and how do they travel?
Warm air rises
Conduction (solids)
Convection (fluids)
Through metals
Through fluids (liquids and gases).
Radiation
Through nothing like sunlight through space.

6. 3. Which type of heat transfer moves warm water away from the equator?
A conduction
B convection
C radiation
D inversion

7. 4. How did marlin get to Sydney, Australia?
Marlin with his new friends travelled through the Global conveyor belt.

8. 5. What causes global warming?

9. 6. How many percent of Earth is covered with water. 7
6. How many percent of Earth is covered with water? 7. How many percent of Earth’s water is in the ocean? 8.How many percent of Earth’s water is freshwater? Think!
Freshwater includes polar ice,
groundwater, lake, river, pond, water vapor.

10. Our world is a water world. The ocean covers 70% of Earth's surface
Our world is a water world. The ocean covers 70% of Earth's surface. The average depth of the ocean is 2 or 3 miles. In some places, the ocean is deeper than the tallest mountains are high! The ocean contains about 97% of all the water on Earth.

11. 9. Why are planktons important in the
food chain?
In the ocean, all creatures depend on the supply of plankton (tiny plants and animals) at the bottom of the food chain.

12. 10. What is coral bleaching. 11
10. What is coral bleaching? 11. What is the connection between global warming and coral

13. When the algae dies because of warm temperature, the coral dies too
When the algae dies because of warm temperature, the coral dies too. This is called coral bleaching.
The coral work with algae . The algae make food for itself and the coral. The coral provide the algae a safe and sunny place to live.

14. 12. How do the ocean absorb carbon
dioxide?
The ocean absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere wherever air meets water.
Wind causes waves and giving more opportunity for the water to absorb the carbon dioxide.

15. 13. Classify the following as either acid or base.
Vinegar is ____________
Tomato juice is ___________
Pure water is _____________
Ocean water is _____________
Ammonia is _______________
14. What is causing the ocean to become
acidic?

16. pH Scale
Neutral=7
Normally, ocean water is less acidic than fresh water. Unfortunately, as the ocean absorbs more and more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, it becomes more acidic.

17. Slightly alkaline or base
Classify the following as either acid
or alkaline/base.
Vinegar is ____________
Tomato juice is ___________
Pure water is _____________
Ocean water is _____________
Ammonia is _______________
14. What is causing the ocean to become acidic?
acid
acid
neutral
Alkaline or base
Slightly alkaline or base
It is absorbing too much carbon dioxide that becomes carbonic acid.

18. 15. Describe the water coming from the equator?
the pole?
17. Warmer water and less salty water are ___________(heavier, lighter) than Colder water and very salty water .
Warm
Cold
lighter

19. Ocean Currents
The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt carries warmer, less salty water from the equator to the poles, and colder, saltier water from the poles back toward the equator. Colder water and very salty water are heavier than warmer water and less salty water.

20. Global Ocean Conveyor Belt

21. 18. How is the balance of heat energy maintained in the oceans?
The sun’s energy is equally distributed throughout the oceans.
The tides transfer heat energy across the oceans.
The movement of waves transfers heat energy throughout the oceans.
Heat energy is cycled by currents between the equator and the polar regions.

22. 19. What happens to ocean water as temperature increases?
A The salinity decreases.
B The density decreases.
C The oxygen content increases.
D The surface tension expands.
In convection current, warm become lighter and rises. Lighter means lower density.

23. 20. What happens to ocean salinity as temperature increases?
A The salinity decreases.
B The density increases.
C The oxygen content increases.
D The surface tension expands.
Higher temperature means faster evaporation of water. Salt does not evaporate, so more salt and less water which means higher density.

24. 21. The ocean is becoming more acidic and aquatic organisms are dying because___.
the atmosphere has too much carbon dioxide causing global climate change.
the ocean absorbing too much carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than it can use.

25. Greenhouse gases cause greenhouse effect that makes our planet warmer.
Greenhouse gases cause greenhouse effect that makes our planet warmer.

26. Polar ice caps melts releasing freshwater into the ocean.
Carbon dioxide and methane causes greenhouse effect, warmer temperature.
The ocean become less salty and less dense causing the Ocean Global Conveyor belt to be disrupted.
Carbon dioxide and methane from point and non-point source pollution.
Since the oceans influence our climate, this disruption cause GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE.

27. 22. Global warming is causing global climate change because ____.
polar ice caps are melting making the ocean less salty and less dense.
B. Global temperature is rising rapidly.
C. the Global conveyor belt is disrupted.
D. All of the above.

28. 23. What are the two main gases that causes greenhouse effect?
carbon dioxide and methane
Nitrogen and oxygen
Silicon and iron
Magnesium and carbon
Methane is 10x more potent than CO2, but there is a lot more CO2 in the atmosphere than methane.

29. Which type of heat transfer moves warm water from the Gulf of Mexico and cold water away from the Atlantic?
conduction
radiation
convection
inversion