1. Topic 9 ReactionsofAcids

2. Salts A salt is an ionic substance in which the hydrogen ion of an acid has been replaced by a metal ion (or an ammonium ion). When an acid is neutralised by an alkali, H + ions from the acid join with OH - from the alkali to form water. H + (aq) + OH - (aq)  H 2 O (l)

3. Naming Salts The first part of the name comes from the base – it will be a metal name. The second part comes from the acid. Salts usually end in “ide” or “ ate”.

4. Examples 1. Hydrochloric acid will always produce chloride salts: Hydrochloric acid +  sodium chloride + sodium hydroxide water

5. 2. Nitric acid will always produce nitrate salts: Nitric acid +  calcium nitrate calcium hydroxide +water

6. 3. Sulphuric acid will always produce sulphate salts: Sulphuric acid +  potassium sulphate potassium hydroxide + water

7. Learn! Name of acidChemical Formula Hydrochloric acidHCl Sulphuric acidH 2 SO 4 Nitric acidHNO 3

8. Came from SaltAcidNeutraliser Sodium chlorideChlorideSodium Magnesium nitrateNitrateMagnesium Ammonium sulphateSulphuricAmmonia

9. You try these... What will be produced when: 1.Hydrochloric acid is neutralised by potassium hydroxide. 2.Sulphuric acid is neutralised by sodium carbonate. 3.Nitric acid is neutralised by sodium carbonate. 4.Hydrochloric acid is neutralised by zinc metal.