1. 1 Hazardous Energy Module 5

2. 2Objectives After this module you should be able to – identify the most common energy hazards – take the necessary steps to avoid those hazards

3. 3 Energy Hazards Energy that is not isolated at its source Stored energy Accidental re-energization of equipment Not controlling the key for your own lock Maintenance and service on live electrical equipment Energy disconnects not labeled Damaged extension cords Extension cords without grounding prongs Extension cords not GFCI-protected Overhead powerlines

4. 4 What is Lockout/Tagout? Lockout/tagout (LOTO) is a physical means of stopping the flow of energy (whether electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) from the energy source to the equipment and ultimately to the worker Lockout/tagout prevents the unexpected startup of the equipment or release of stored energy from the equipment during maintenance or servicing of the equipment

5. 5 Sequence of Lockout 1.Notify all affected employees 2.Identify energy sources 3.Shut equipment down 4.De-activate the energy isolating devices 5.Lockout the energy isolating devices 6.Dissipate or restrain stored or residual energy 7.Verify energy isolation

6. 6 Re-Energizing Equipment 1.Check equipment and immediate area 2.Ensure all employees are clear 3.Verify that controls are in neutral 4.Remove lockout devices and re-energize the equipment 5.Notify all affected employees

7. 7 mud pumps are one example of equipment that must be locked and tagged out before maintenance or servicing follow your company’s lockout/tagout procedures for the specific equipment to be worked on

8. 8 lockout/tagout equipment must be provided use only approved locks and tags when performing lockout/tagout

9. 9 a proper lockout/tagout setup for a single authorized employee

10. 10 Additional Concerns During third-party or outside contractor operations, the employer’s shall decide which company’s lockout policy to use During group lockout, each worker must put a lock on the lockout device During a shift change, the level of protection provided by lockout/tagout necessary to protect workers must be maintained

11. 11 What Electricity Can Do 1 mA = 1/1000 Amp A small drill uses 2.25 Amps – 1 mA = perception level, slight tingling – 5 mA = slight shock, not painful – 6-30 mA = painful shock, can’t let go – 50-150 mA = extreme pain, respiratory arrest – 1-4.3 Amps = ventricular fibrillation, death likely – 10 Amps = cardiac arrest, probable death

12. 12 Electrical Protection Electric power tools must have a true ground or be double insulated Extension cords must be rated for commercial outdoor use Extension cords must have a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) connected – it can be hard wired into the circuit or you can attach a portable GFCI [below]

13. 13 damage of an extension cord through the outer jacket, exposing the conductors and ground wire Corrective Action: this cord must be taken out of service (note that minor cuts or nicks are allowed)

14. 14 an extension cord with the ground plug missing Corrective Actions: cut into pieces and discard this cord; replace with a grounded extension cord

15. 15 cables can become damaged with nicks, cuts, etc. these cables are chained up to reduce the possibility of damage

16. 16 this is a good example of properly labeled electrical components all electrical disconnects should be labeled accordingly

17. 17 Electrical Hazard Clues Clues that electrical hazards exist – tripped circuit breakers or blown fuses – warm tools, wires, cords, connections, or junction boxes – GFCI that shuts off a circuit – worn or frayed insulation around wire or connection

18. 18 overhead powerlines are a constant threat to equipment and trucking operators Corrective Action: you, your equipment, and materials should stay at least 10 feet away from overhead powerlines

19. 19 If You Contact a Powerline The equipment you are operating and the ground around it is energized Stay in the equipment if possible Warn all others to stay away Notify the power company immediately

20. 20 If You Contact a Powerline If you must get out of the equipment – keep both feet together at all times – hop or shuffle out of the area

21. 21 Revisions to NFPA 70E As a result of the injuries and deaths related to arc flash, changes/additions have been incorporated into the National Fire Protection Association publication number 70E, the most recent version being NFPA 70E-2004. 1.qualified persons only 2.arc flash analysis 3.personal protective equipment 4.ppe according to standard 5.ppe with proper arc flash rating

22. 22 Arc Flash Arc flash results from an arcing fault, where electric arcs and resulting radiation and shrapnel cause severe burns, hearing damage, and eye injuries To minimize risk – switch remotely if possible – stand aside and away as much as possible – avoid touching switchgear or metallic surfaces – use proper tools and ppe

23. 23 a good example of arc flash ppe

24. 24

25. 25 Applicable Standards 1910.147 Control of Hazardous Energy 1910 Subpart S Electrical 1926 Subpart K Electrical NFPA 70E API RP 54 Section 10 Drilling and Well Servicing Rig Electrical Systems

26. 26 Your Employer Is Responsible For Creating lockout/tagout procedures Training employees to become authorized employees and ensuring only they perform lockout/tagout Providing all necessary equipment and ppe to ensure your safety Responding to and correcting hazards pointed out by you, the worker

27. 27 You Are Responsible For Following your company’s lockout/tagout procedures Inspecting electric power tools and extension cords before each use Operating heavy equipment and cranes at least 10’ away from overhead powerlines Wearing the appropriate ppe Correcting the hazards you are able to correct Reporting to your supervisor the hazards you are unable to correct

28. 28 Case Study A worker began repairing a cable that had been damaged by a truck, he deenergized the cable. Another worker reenergized it. The worker making the repair died.

29. 29 Case Study A pump jack, being moved with a gin pole truck, came into contact with or came near an electrical line.

30. 30 Always Remember Follow lockout/tagout procedures Label all breakers, switches, and other disconnects Wear appropriate ppe Be aware of powerlines Inspect extension cords frequently

31. 31 Memory Check 1.You, your equipment, and materials should stay at least how many feet away from overhead powerlines? a.6 inches b.10 feet c.30 feet d.100 feet

32. 32 Memory Check 2.What must be connected to each extension cord that is in use? a.an AC/DC convertor b.a GFCI c.a 3-to-2 prong adaptor d.a cord reel

33. 33 Memory Check 3.What should an equipment operator who has contacted an overhead powerline NOT do? a.stay in the equipment, if possible b.jump with feet apart c.shuffle or hop across the ground d.warn all others to stay away