1. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Chapter Fourteen: Exploring the Origins of Sexuality

2. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Biological Bases of Human Sexuality Genetic basis –XX = female –XY = male Gonadal basis Structural development –Male genital development –Female genital development Biological sexuality and the childhood years Puberty –Females: Menarche –Males

3. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Growth and Development of Sexuality

4. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Psychosocial Bases of Human Sexuality Psychosocial sexuality: Masculine and feminine aspects of sexuality Gender: Biological basis of sexuality Gender identity: Recognition of one’s gender Gender preference: Emotional and intellectual acceptance of one’s own gender

5. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Psychosocial Bases of Human Sexuality Gender adoption: The long process of learning the behavior that is traditional for one’s gender Gender identification: Achievement of a personally satisfying interpretation of one’s masculinity or femininity

6. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Androgyny Blending of both masculine and feminine qualities

7. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Male Reproductive System Testes –Sperm development –Interstitial cell-stimulating hormone –Follicle-stimulating hormone Scrotum Ducts Seminal vesicles Prostate gland Cowper’s glands Penis

8. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Male Reproductive System

9. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Male Reproductive System Age-related hormone changes Male menopause (andropause) –Decrease in level of androgens –Prostate size increases

10. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Female Reproductive System Mons pubis Labia majora and labia minora Clitoris Vestibule Vagina Uterus Fallopian tubes Ovaries

11. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Female Reproductive System

12. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Menstrual Cycle Menstrual phase –¼ - ½ cup of blood and tissue is sloughed off during a 5-7 day period Preovulation phase –Lasts about a week –Release of FSH and LH leading to ovulation around day 14 Post-ovulation phase –Build-up of endometrial tissue –Role of progesterone

13. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Menstrual Cycle

14. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Related Conditions Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) –Physical and psychological symptoms that recur during the same phase of the menstrual cycle Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) –Severe form of PMS Fibrocystic breast condition –Excessive secretory activity producing swollen, firm, or hardened tender breast tissue Amenorrhea –Absence of menstruation Menopause –Gradual decline in reproductive system function, usually by late 40s to mid 50s

15. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Additional Aspects of Human Sexuality Reproductive sexuality –Related to procreation Genital sexuality –Nonreproductive use of sex organs (recreation and communication) Expressionistic sexuality –Cognitive, affective, and behavioral expressions of one’s gender

16. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Chapter Fourteen: Exploring the Origins of Sexuality