1. Interception on trees, impermeable surfaces Infiltration into soil Interflow downslope along B horizon Overland flow during heavy rain Recharge reaches the water table Groundwater flow from recharge area to stream Water table rises Evaporation removes intercepted water Evapotranspiration (ET) from plants removes water from soil Baseflow to streams depletes water in aquifer Hydrologic Cycle Baseflow and ET continue until next rainfall Rainfall Aquifer Vadose zone Soil B horizon Stream water table Rain stops Overland + Interflow = Stormflow. Stream level rises

2. Hydrogeologic Regions Geologic controls on –Porosity and hydraulic conductivity –Layering, structure, and aquifer type –Water chemistry –Well yield

3. Hydro- geology of the Southeast FloridanLimestone Appalachian Sedimentary Rock Limestone Piedmont Crystalline rock Coastal Plain Sand + clay Ground Water Atlas http://capp.water.usgs.gov/gwa/gwa.html

5. Fractured crystalline rock

6. Transition Fractured metamorphic and igneous rock K: 10 -11 -10 -3 m/s T: 1-100 m 2 /day S: 10 -3 -10 -4 Saprolite: K: 10 -6 -10 -5 m/s S: 0.1-0.4

7. Hydrogeologic Conceptual Model R: 0.2 m/yr

8. Fractured Rock Aquifers in Piedmont K: 10 -5 -10 -6 m/sbulk fractured rock Compare to 10 -10 to 10 -11 m/s for intact samples T: 10-100 m 2 /day Recharge: 0.03-0.3 m/yr Well Yield: 30-300 gpm

9. Atlantic Coastal Plain

10. Coastal Plain Santee River Delta

11. Sand and clay

12. clay Sand Columbia Myrtle Beach Atlantic Coastal Plain

13. Flowing wells Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio, Texas Roswell Basin, NM, 3600 gpm

14. Coastal Plain Clastic Aquifers T: 500-10,000 m 2 /day Recharge: 0.05-0.5 m/yr Well Yield: 100-5000 gpm

15. Floridan Aquifer FloridanLimestone Appalachian Sedimentary Rock Limestone Piedmont Crystalline rock Coastal Plain Sand + clay Ground Water Atlas http://capp.water.usgs.gov/gwa/gwa.html

16. Floridan Limestone Aquifer

17. Dissolution Cave stream

18. Limestone aquifer

19. Floridan Aquifer T: 1000-100,000 m 2 /day Recharge: 0.03-0.5 m/yr Well Yield: 1000-20,000 gpm

20. Comparison of SE Regions RegionT (m 2 /day)Recharge (m/yr) Qwell (gpm) Piedmont1-1000.03-0.310-100 Coastal Plain Clastic 500-10,0000.05-0.5100-5000 Floridan Limestone 1,000-100,0000.03-0.51000-20,000