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Anatomy and Physiology I
Bones of the Vertebral Column and Thoracic Cage Instructor: Mary Holman
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Vertebral Column 7 12 5 Sacrum Coccyx Cervical Thoracic vertebrae
Fig. 7.32b Vertebral Column 7 Cervical vertebrae Posterior View 12 Thoracic vertebrae 5 Lumbar vertebrae Sacrum Coccyx (b) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Human Embryo Primary Curvature of the Vertebral Column
Fig 23.14c convex concave 4 weeks 8 weeks
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Four Spinal Curvatures
Fig. 7.32a Four Spinal Curvatures Cervical curvature convex concave Vertebra prominens Rib facet Thoracic curvature Posterior Anterior Intervertebral discs 1o curvature Intervertebral foramina Lumbar curvature Sacrum Sacral curvature Coccyx Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Basic Vertebral Structure
Fig. 7.33c Basic Vertebral Structure Thoracic Vertebra - Superior View Posterior Spinous process Lamina Transverse process Facet for tubercle of rib Superior articular process Vertebral foramen Pedicle Body Anterior Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Thoracic Vertebra - Lateral View
Fig. 7.33a Thoracic Vertebra - Lateral View Superior articular process Pedicle Transverse process Body Facet for tubercle of rib Intervertebral notch Inferior articular process Spinous process Posterior Anterior Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Fig. 7.33b Superior articular Body process Transverse process
Inferior articular process Intervertebral disc Anterior Spinous process Posterior Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Intervertebral Disc
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Fig. 7.35 Anterior Posterior © Royalty Free/CORBIS
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Names of Vertebrae C1 - Atlas C2 - Axis T1 T12 L1 L5 S1 S5 Sacrum
Posterior view L1 L5 S1 Sacrum S5 Coccyx
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Atlas - First Cervical Vertebra - C1
Fig. 7.34a Atlas - First Cervical Vertebra - C1 Superior View Facet that articulates with occipital condyle of the Occiptal bone Posterior Vertebral foramen Transverse process Transverse foramen Anterior Facet that articulates with dens (odontoid process) of axis or C2 vertebra Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Axis - C2 Lateral View Superior Posterior Anterior Inferior
Fig. 7.34b Axis - C2 Lateral View Superior Anterior articular facet for atlas Dens Spinous process Superior articular facet Posterior Anterior Transverse foramen Body Inferior articular process Transverse process Inferior Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Spinous process is bifid
Fig. 7.34c Axis - C2 Superior View Posterior Spinous process is bifid Superior articular facet Transverse foramen Body Anterior Dens (odontoid process) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Cervical vertebrae C3-C6 Superior view
Fig. 7.36a Cervical vertebrae C3-C6 Superior view Posterior Bifid spinous process Vertebral foramen Lamina Superior articular facet Transverse foramen Transverse foramen Transverse process Anterior Body Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Fig. 15.44 Vertebral artery Common carotid artery
Brachiocephalic artery Subclavian artery Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Thoracic vertebra - superior view
Fig. 7.36b Thoracic vertebra - superior view Posterior Spinous process Transverse process Lamina Facet that articulates with rib tubercle Superior articular facet Pedicle Vertebral foramen Body Facet that articulates with rib head Anterior Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Lumbar vertebra - superior view
Fig. 7.36c Lumbar vertebra - superior view Posterior Spinous process Lamina Superior articular process Transverse process Pedicle Vertebral foramen Body Anterior Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Review: Distinguishing the three types of Vertebrae Fig. 7.36
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Review: Distinguishing the three types of Vertebrae Transverse foramen (a) Cervical vertebra Facet that articulates with rib tubercule Facet that articulates with rib head Superior View (b) Thoracic vertebra (c) Lumbar vertebra
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Lateral View of the Spinal Column
Fig. 7.32a Lateral View of the Spinal Column Cervical curvature convex concave Vertebra prominens Rib facet Thoracic curvature Posterior Anterior Intervertebral discs Intervertebral foramina Lumbar curvature Sacrum Sacral curvature Coccyx Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Superior articular process
Fig. 7.37a Superior articular process Sacral promontory Sacrum and Coccyx Anterior View Base Sacrum Apex Anterior sacral foramen Coccyx Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Superior articular process
Fig. 7.37b Sacrum and Coccyx Posterior View Superior articular process Sacral canal Auricular surface Sacrum Tubercle of median sacral crest Posterior sacral foramen Sacral hiatus Coccyx Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Fig. 7.38b © Victor B. Eichler, PhD
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Thoracic Cage - Sternum
Fig. 7.38a Jugular notch (suprasternal notch) Thoracic Cage - Sternum Sternal angle Thoracic vertebra 1 Clavicular notch 2 Manubrium 3 4 Sternum 5 Body 6 7 Xiphoid process 8 9 10 1 1 12 (a) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Thoracic Cage - Ribs Fig. 7.38a True ribs (vertebrosternal ribs) Ribs
1 2 3 True ribs (vertebrosternal ribs) 4 5 6 7 T11 8 T12 Ribs Vertebro- chondral ribs False ribs 9 L1 Costal cartilage Hyaline cartilage 10 L2 1 1 12 Floating ribs (vertebral ribs) (a) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Posterior View of a Right Rib
Fig. 7.39a Posterior View of a Right Rib Neck Head Tubercle Shaft Anterior end Costal groove Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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Articulation of a Right Rib with a Thoracic Vertebra Fig. 7.39b
Spinous process Facet Tubercle Neck Head Superior View Facet Shaft Anterior end (sternal end) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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