1. Chapter 2 Section 4
The Race for Empires

2. Protestant Reformation
Religious movement away from Catholic Church
Started by Martin Luther – claimed that Catholic Church abused its power
Movement spread to England – King Henry VIII started the Anglican Church (Church of England)

3. Spain and England Clash
Religious differences between Protestant England and Catholic Spain
Spain plots to overthrow Queen Elizabeth

4. Spanish Armada Defeat
Spanish Armada sent to England to restore Catholicism
130 ships sent in 1588
Meet in the English Channel
English ships faster and quicker
Storm aids the English-1/2 of Spanish Armada ruined

5. Effect of the Defeat
England remained Protestant and independent-proving it could defend itself
Spain’s image suffered-other nations joined England in challenging Spain
England challenges many Spanish lands in America

6. Search for the Northwest Passage
Looking for water route through America to Asia
Called the Northwest Passage
There is not 1 continuous water route through the US

7. John Cabot ( Italian)
1497 charted the northern route across the Atlantic
Explored for English, claimed Newfoundland Canada for England
Thought he had reached Asia
Disappeared on second voyage

8. Jacques Cartier (French)
traveled up the St Lawrence River to Montreal
Rapids blocked his way
French would not return to colonize for another 75 years

9. Henry Hudson Englishman sailed for Dutch Arrived at coast of New York
Sailed up the “Hudson River”
Looked for a westward passage to Asia
Set adrift by own sailors

10. English colonization Most colonization was privately funded
First successful colony was after 1600
Charter – Document to start a colony – Sir Walter Raleigh

11. Samuel de Champlain Explored the St. Lawrence River
1608 fur trade post of Quebec
First permanent French settlement in North America
Rich fur trade with Native Americans
Became known as New France

12. The French and Dutch Seek Trade
France and Netherlands seeking wealth through exploration and colonization
After failing to find a Northwest passage, they focused on colonizing America

13. New Netherland Built by Dutch Located along the Hudson River
Fort Nassau (1614) near Albany New York

14. New Amsterdam Dutch bought Manhattan from the Native Americans
Current site of New York City