1. Status Update on LIGO-India
Tarun Souradeep1 & Sukanta Bose2
1IUCAA, Pune, India
2Washington State University, Pullman, USA
LIGO DCC ID: LIGO-G
Gravitational Waves:
New Frontiers, Seoul
Jan 16-18, 2013
IUCAA
Jan 16, 2013
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2. Launch of Gravitational wave Astronomy
Science Gain from Strategic Geographical Location
Source localization error
Courtesy:
S. Fairhurst
Launch of Gravitational wave Astronomy
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Jan 16, 2013

3. Global Network of Adv. GW Observatories
Network  1. Detection confidence 2. Duty factor 3. Source localization 4. Polarization
LIGO-LLO: 4km
LIGO-LHO: 2km+ 4km
GEO: 0.6km
VIRGO: 3km
KAGRA 3 km
(2017)
Time delays in milliseconds
India provides almost largest possible baselines.
(Antipodal baseline 42ms)
LIGO-India
Jan 16, 2013
[Sathyaprakash, Fairhurst, Veitch, Schutz, Klimenko, Reitze, Whitcomb, LIGO-T (2012)]

4. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul
LIGO-India: A proposed mega-science project in India’s next 5-year plan
A project on Indian soil with International Cooperation
Involvement at the threshold of a major science discovery
aLIGO-USA precedes LIGO-India by ~3 years. Staggered time-line  is an advantage.
Indian experimenters would participate in aLIGO-USA
Significant US expertise will pave way for faster execution of LIGO-India
US hardware contribution ready: no uncertainty in timeline
aLIGO is one of NSF’s most ambitious funded projects
LIGO-India got positive reviews , NSB approval for NSF to proceed as it deems best.
Expenditure entirely in Indian labs & Industry.
Very significant Industrial capability upgrade. Indian DAE labs & Industry assessed to be in position to carry out phase-I of LIGO-India. (Senior LIGO team visited Indian labs & facilities in Aug ,Oct, Dec 2011, Feb 2012]
Well defined training plan  Generate large number (~100) of highly trained scientists.
Major data analysis centre for the entire LIGO network. Huge opportunity for Indian University participation.
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5. Highly Multi-disciplinary
Astro++
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Multi-Institutional,
Multi-disciplinary Consortium
LIGO India Lead Institutions:
IUCAA, Pune;
IPR, Gandhinagar;
RRCAT, Indore;
Nodal Institutions:
CMI, Chennai; Delhi University;
Gandhinagar, Kanpur, Madras;
Kolkata, Pune, Tvm.
Individual scientists from TIFR, Mumbai; RRI, Bangalore; IISc, Bangalore; …. + others
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Multi-Institutional,
Multi-disciplinary Consortium
Nodal Institutions:
IUCAA, Pune;
IPR, Ahmedabad;
RRCAT, Indore;
Other Institutions:
CMI, Chennai; Delhi University;
Gandhinagar, Kanpur, Madras;
Kolkata, Pune, Tvm.
Individual scientists from TIFR, Mumbai; RRI, Bangalore; IISc, Bangalore;+ others
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8. Three Phases of LIGO-India project
LIGO-India Project is broadly divided into three phases:
Phase 1 (Sept 2012 – June 2014) – Site selection, infrastructure & facility and
vacuum system design and prototyping of
beam tube.
Phase 2 (July 2014 – Dec 2017) – Infrastructure & facility preparation,
vacuum construction and testing at vendor
site, training of Indian Scientists / Engineers,
shipping of detector and documentation of
the detector hardware components,
their installation and testing off-site (RRCAT)
Phase 3 ( ) – Detector installation and commissioning on site
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9. Institute of Plasma Research (IPR)
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Ajai Kumar - NSF review Dec2012

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Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT)
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Sendhil Raja Ajai Kumar - NSF review Dec2012

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constructed
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Sendhil Raja Ajai Kumar - NSF review Dec2012

12. Manpower and Human Resource Development
The construction and subsequent operation of the observatory will require ~
50 scientists and engineers.
~10 critical manpower for the project team will be seconded from lead centers
The facilities like engineering, drafting etc. from the participating institutes will
also be used.
During Project execution phase project scientist / engineers will be hired for
duration of five years.
Necessary work / required facilities will be outsourced.
~ 40 new positions will be created.
A committee will be constituted, which will assist in generating manpower.
Jan 16, 2013
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13. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul
GW Data IUCAA
Team: Tarun Souradeep, SB, Sanjit Mitra, Ajit Kembhavi, Sarah Ponrathnam, Jayanti Prasad, Sharmad Navelkar + Anand Sengupta (IIT, Gnd)
IUCAA data centre - “Prototype” in early 2013: 30 Tf , 600 Tb [94 nodes : 2 x 8-core Intel Xeon Sandybridge, 128 GB RAM/node, Infiniband interconnect]
All infrastructure (for expansion to ~300 Tf ) at IUCAA. Installation by HP commenced Nov 26, 2012 (~ 6 wks before opening to users) [total investment ~ $2M]
Next: Tier2-like GWDA centre: ~200 Tf peak capability [~ 2014]: USD 10M funds requested in IUCAA XII (5 year) Plan budget]
Match advanced LIGO at US schedule. Part of the LSC participation commitment from IndIGO
Network: gigabit+ backbone, National Knowledge Network
Few Gigabit dedicated link to LIGO lab Caltech
Role of GW data centre
Tier-2 data & compute centre for archival of GW data and analysis
Bring together GW scientists & data-analysts within the Indian science community.
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14. IUCAA Data Centre (Dec 15, 2012)
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15. IUCAA Data Centre (Dec 15, 2012)
Housings for 30 Tf nodes.
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16. IUCAA Data Centre (Dec 15, 2012)
Cooling units and ducts, power supply, 300 kilowatt generator.
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17. LIGO-India Detector Site
LIGO-India site search
IUCAA: Tarun Souradeep, Sharad Gaonkar (retd. dDG, GSI), Sanjit Mitra, Ajit Kembhavi
IISER Kolkata: Supriyo Mitra (Geophysicist) , Rajesh K. Nayak
C.S. Unnikrishnan (TIFR), Sendhil Raja (RRCAT) & Bala Iyer (RRI)
Requirements / metric:
Low ‘seismicity’ (ground noise PSD)
Low human generated noise
Air connectivity, road connectivity, data connectivity,…
Proximity to academic institutions, labs, industry preferred, …
Approach :
Identify potential sites not too far from existing facilities
Establish contact with local & high level state officials
Desktop survey of sites, followed by team visit
2-3wk seismic survey: ground noise PSD at Hz range
Few interesting possibilities have emerged.
Jan 16, 2013
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18. We have followed up ALL leads, independent of their seismic zonation.X
Note:
We have followed up ALL leads, independent of their seismic zonation.
16 site leads up until now X X
Deccan plateau. X X
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19. Sites under investigation
Karnataka [KS]: Site 1 – the technology hub ~40 km from Chitradurga, [~200km NW of Bangalore]
Site 2 is 10km away from site 1
Site visit, Chief Sec., Principal Sec. of Karnataka.
Weather & Seismic survey data for site-1 (10km away)
Site-1 ruled out, Site 2 open (but issues of acquisition)
2. Andhra Pradesh [AP]: 100 km north of Bangalore:
First site visit by Ajit Kembhavi.
Principal Sec. of Andhra Pradesh; seismic survey completed (Apr 2-17)
Seismic, weather survey done. On preliminary shortlist.
4. Madhya Pradesh [MP]: Bhopal ~200Km NE, ~ 200 Km N of Indore
Presentation by T. Souradeep to the (new) Addl. Chief Sec. on May 16,2012
4 potential sites: Seismic survey complete for 2 of these; 3rd to begin now.
5. Rajasthan [RJ]: ~80km west of Jaipur visited Apr 12-14: insufficient space
East of Udaipur: One Site visited Apr 12-14, seismic survey done (analysis ongoing) , another under discussion
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Desktop study: MP Site 2, Madhya Pradesh
Step1: Google Earth map
with a proposed configuration
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A desktop study: MP Site 2, Madhya Pradesh
Step2: Satellite topography map
with a proposed configuration
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22. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul
Desktop study: MP-Site 2
Step 3: Detailed Topography along the proposed configuration
( To be followed up with topo-sheets from Survey of India
& Seismic survey)
End 1
408m
center
390m
End 2
385m
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23. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul
Desktop study: MP site 3 , Madhya Pradesh
Step1: Google Earth map
with a proposed configuration
+ acquire topographical sheets
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24. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul
Desktop study: MP site 3 , Madhya Pradesh
Step2: Satellite topography map
with a proposed configuration
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25. Site characterization:
E.g., Archived weather data at KS Site-1
Wind speed (Km/hr)
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26. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul
Seismic Survey
(RJ-1, Nov. 8, 2012)
Himangshu,
St/o Supriyo
Sharad Goankar
Sr. consultant IUCAA
Prof. Jaafrey
IUCAA Assoc.
IRC Udaipur Univ
Unni
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27. Preliminary Seismic Survey
KS site 1
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28. Preliminary Seismic Survey
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29. To summarize… Thank you !!!
In the past year (2012), pre-approval phase:
Miles covered, inches to go …. toward Indian govt. approval.
Post-approval:
Important challenges ahead, but gearing up well to face them 
Is there enough scientific interest in the community in India? Yes
Does the community have sufficient scientific, technical and managerial ability to implement this megaproject? Yes
Would adequate funding and support
be available? Very likely
Can the project be sustained over ~15 years? Yes
Is there a suitable site? Several possibilities
Thank you !!!
Jan 16, 2013
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30. LIGO-India Site drawings
(supplied to state officials)
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31. Major Indian Institutions
IUCAA: Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune.
RRCAT: Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore
IPR: Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Ahmedabad
IIT: Indian Institute(s) of Technology
IISER: Indian Institute(s) for Science Education and Research
IISc, TIFR, BARC, VECC ... (not yet involved with LIGO-India)
Mega-Science Projects comm.  Planning Comm. Of India
Funding & implementation Agencies
DAE : Department of Atomic Energy
DST : Department of Science and Technology
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Adapted: AKK - NSF review Apr 2012

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Ajai Kumar - NSF review Dec2012

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Seismic Survey
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34. GW - New Frontiers, Seoul
Some Major Projects in India & Intl. Projects With Significant Indian Contribution
Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (Pune, India)
Large Hadron Collider
ITER-India
India Based Neutrino Observatory
Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT-India)
Square Kilometre Array
National Large Solar telescope
AKK : NSF review Apr 2012
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35. LIGO-India: a good idea for Intl. community !
Geographical relocation Strategic for GW astronomy
Potentially large GW expt. & science community in the future
Indian demographics: youth dominated – need challenges
Improved UG education system will produce a larger number of students with aspirations looking for frontline research opportunities at home.
Present experimental expertise within IndIGO
Laser and optics: RRCAT, IPR, TIFR, IITM, IIT K, IISER Pune, IISER, Kolkata, IISER TVM + …
UH Vacuum: RRCAT, IPR , VECC, + …
In project mode, each group can scale to 10 PDF & PhD students in 2-3 years.
Major enhancement of Science & Data Analysis team. Consolidated IndIGO participation in LIGO Science Collab. (Sept 2011)
P. Ajith, Caltech PDF ICTS, Bangalore (Jan 2013), Rana Adhikari (Adjunct, ICTS)
Sanjit Mitra : Caltech-JPL PDF IUCAA
Sengupta : Caltech PDF  DU  IIT GN
Archana Pai: AEI  IISER
SB, LSC member, USA, joining IUCAA ( Jan 2013)
Expand theory and create numerical relativity activities. Expect hiring in premier institutions (e.g., ICTS)
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36. IndIGO Consortium – a brief history
Dec : Rana Adhikari’s visit & discussions
2009:
Australia-India S&T collaboration (Iyer & Blair)
Establishing Australia-India collaboration in GW Astronomy
IndIGO Consortium: IUCAA Reunion meeting (Aug 9, 2009)
GW Astronomy Roadmap for India; :
Meetings at Kochi, Pune, Shanghai, Perth, Delhi
to Define, Reorient and Respond to the Global (GWIC) strategies for setting up the International GW Network.
Bring together scattered Indian Experimental Expertise; Individuals & Institutions
March 2011: IndIGO-I Proposal: Participation in LIGO-Australia
May 2011+: Efforts on for funding LIGO-India…
Note:
IndIGO was admitted to GWIC in July 2011 : Intl. recognition of the growing GW activity & community in India.
IndIGO has been accepted into the LIGO Science Collab. (LSC) : pan-Indian 7 institutes: 15 members: Theory, DA + EXPERIMENTERS ) : Sept [ Grown to 27 LSC members by Dec. 2012]
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37. Project Work Breakdown Structure
The Project Work is sub-divided into broad activity-wise categories
Site selection and survey
Civil Infrastructure and facilities
Vacuum System & Mechanical Engineering
Computing facility
Human Resource Development
Implementation of CDS system
Detector Hardware Documentation & Pre-installation
Detector on-site Installation & commissioning
Detector integration, installation and commissioning
These activities will be executed by three lead institute (IPR, RRCAT and IUCAA) under the MOU among them.
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38. Manpower generation for sustenance of LIGO-India :
aLIGO USA will have a lead time over LIGO-India
Indian personnel trained in USA bring expertise to LIGO-India and build groups using associated training programs
Postdocs at LIGO (3 thru IndIGO for LIGO-India), visits to CIT, LHO,LLO, MIT, Glasgow, ..
2013 Indo-UK meet Feb:Cardiff [5Ind, 20UK], GWPAW, Transients & Timing (Dec,Mar:IUCAA)
IndIGO Summer internships in International labs underway (3 years).
High UG applications 30/40 each year from IIT, IISER, NISERS,..
3 summers, ~14 students, 1 starting PhD at LIGO-MIT
Plans to extend to participating National labs to generate more experimenters
IndIGO schools to expose students to emerging opportunity in GW science
1st IndIGO school in Dec 2010 in Delhi Univ. (thru IUCAA)
Funded ICTS Cosmology & GW school in IUCAA, Dec 2011
IUCAA GW school in Tezpur Univ. (Jan 2012)
IUCAA GW School Goa (Dec 2012), ICTS NR school& W/shop (Jun-Jul 2013)
Possibly: Board of Research in GWST for funding research in GW related S&T
Fund research groups & facilities devlopment in IITs, IISERS & Univ.
Possibly : Joint Technical PG training school for GWST at IUCAA, IPR, RRCAT
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Madhya Pradesh (MP)
Nearest large airports (200km) : Bhopal (Capital MP) & Indore (RRCAT)
Presentation by TS to Addl. Chief sec, in Bhopal, May 16,2012
Very positive & prompt response. District collector & team present
One District -200 km NE from Bhopal (& Another district as next alternative– NW of Bhopal)
Suggestion to co-exist with a large solar power setup
Current 4 sites considered:
MP Site 1 to 4
Site 1 insufficient space (3.5km) but short seisimic survey done to make a prelim assesment of MP district
Site 2 : topographical hinderance
Site 3 (2 wk seisimic survey done), Site 4 (2 wk seis. Survey now)
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40. Preliminary Seismic Survey
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41. Indo-US Centre for Gravitational Physics and Astronomy @ IUCAA
APPROVED (Dec 2010). Funds received Jul 6, 2011
Centre of Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF)
Exchange program to fund mutual visits and facilitate
interactions leading to collaborations
Nodal centres: IUCAA , Pune, India & Caltech, Pasadena, USA.
Institutions:
Indian: IUCAA, TIFR, IISER, DU, CMI - PI: Tarun Souradeep
USA: Caltech, WSU PI: Rana Adhikari
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42. The Questions Answers Thank you !!!
Is there enough scientific interest in the community in India? Yes
Does the community have sufficient scientific, technical and managerial ability to implement such a vast project? Yes
Would adequate funding and support
be available? Very Likely
Can the project be sustained over ~15 years? Yes
Is there a suitable site? Several possibilities
In the past year (Nov. 2011), pre-approval phase:
Miles covered , inches to go …. toward Indian govt. approval.
Post-approval:
Enormous Challenges ahead, but gearing well up to face them 
Thank you !!!
Jan 16, 2013
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