1. Chapter 11 Bony Thorax

2. 1 _____________ 12 __________ Vertebrae 12 pairs of _________

3. Bony Thorax Protects the ______________organs (heart) _____________ during breathing

4. Sternum 3 parts –_____________ Superior portion 2” long –_____________ Longest portion 4” long –_____________ Smallest most distal. Cartilage as an infant and ossifies by age 40

5. Sternal Landmarks ___________(suprasternal or manubrial) –Correlates to T2-3 _________________ –Correlates to T4-5 Xiphoid tip –Correlates to T9-10

6. Sternal Articulations ____________ _____________ – Sternoclavicular joint 7 ribs – Through ______________ 1 st rib costocartilage on _______________

7. Ribs Numbered by the thoracic vertebrae they attach posteriorly 12 pairs ______________ –Costocartilage connection anteriorly to the sternum __________ –8,9,&10 costocartilage attach to the 7 th –___________(11 &12) – No costocartilage articulation

8. Rib Anatomy Posterior Vertebral end –__________ –Neck –____________ – Articulates with transverse process of vertebrae

9. Rib Anatomy Anterior Sternal end ____________ Shaft ____________ –Artery, vein, and nerve

10. Rib Articulations Anterior __________________Union – Rib and costocartilage join Sternoclavicular – Sternum and clavicle

11. Rib Articulation Anterior ____________ – Costocartilage to sternum. _______________ – Costocartilage of 6 th – 10 th

12. Rib Articulation Posterior ________________ – Head of rib to vertebrae _________________ – Rib tubercle to transverse process

13. Sternum Imaging Routine RAO Lateral 40” SID** RAO 60-72” SID Lateral 60 – 70 kVp

14. RAO Sternum Moves sternum away from _______ into homogenous __________ ___________ CR to mid sternum –Palpate for _______________ –Center to mid sternum

15. RAO Sternum ________________ –Blurs pulmonary markings Collimate about __________

16. Lateral Sternum Increase ______ to compensate for increased ___________ If erect have pt hold arms back CR to mid sternum –Place cassette ___________________ Center more anterior on chest ________ sternum

17. Rib Imaging Routine PA Chest AP above diaphragm AP below diaphragm RPO/LPO above diaphragm 60 kVp for above diaphragm 70 kVp for below diaphragm 40-72” SID (Unilateral or Bilateral)

18. AP Above Diaphragm Center on affected side CR longitudinal ___________ Cassette _______________center to cassette Suspend respiration on _____________

19. AP Below Diaphragm Center to ____________ CR mid way between ________________ Suspend respiration on ____________ –Move diaphragm up and away

20. RPO / LPO Above Diaphragm 45° Oblique CR between spine a lateral rib margins Cassette _____________and center to cassette Suspend respiration on _________ If Rt side affected ___________right ribs. Lt side shows more _______

21. Helpful Tip Some radiologists want a marker indicating area of pain Ribs are a large area Place a _____________on area of interest to help the radiologist focus on an area.