1. Quickwrite Do you have any questions about the homework? Please pass your homework forward. Today you will take notes on “Trench Warfare” and then we will do a simulation.

2. WWI TRENCH WARFARE

3. Soldiers were proud to be called to the front to fight for the honor of their country, their family and their God!

4. Soldiers Training Before you even went to the front lines you would spend your days in a “boot camp to train” Does this Training do you any good?

5. Trench Warfare The trenches were 4-8 ft and 2-4 ft wide. They had the front or firing trench, support trenches, supply trenches, communication trenches, and command trenches. The trenches eventually reached from Switzerland to the North Sea some 600 miles. There were over 25,000 Miles of trenches dug

7. Side view

9. Early Trench Tactics Trench warfare consisted of massed charges by infantrymen preceded by long artillery bombardments. The charging forces tried to create a breech or hole in the line in which the secondary group could pour through the line. As the gap opened the troops would spread out and try to hold the line. Soldiers would try and break across the line in order to break the _____?

10. Stalemate What is the definition of Stalemate? How would you like to be the guy to test the bullet proof suit?

11. Trench Life (Rain) Soldiers had no protection from the elements. Many times soldiers would be standing in water up to their knees for weeks.

12. Trench Life (Trench Foot) Trench foot is a condition brought on because soldiers were not able to keep their feet dry. Bacteria would soon grow on a soldiers flesh and begin to eat it away! 75,000 British soldiers were treated for trench foot.

13. Trench Life (Trench Foot) Trench foot is a condition brought on because soldiers were not able to keep their feet dry. Bacteria would soon grow on a soldiers flesh and begin to eat it away! 75,000 British soldiers were treated for trench foot.

14. Poison Gas The most feared weapon of all of was that of poison gas. Soldiers had just seconds to put on their gas masks or a terrible death awaited them! What was the purpose of poison gas? Did it have a significant effect on winning the war?

15. The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori. GAS! Gas! Quick, boys!-- An ecstasy of fumbling, Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time; But someone still was yelling out and stumbling And floundering like a man in fire or lime.-- Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. In all my dreams, before my helpless sight, He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning. If in some smothering dreams you too could pace Behind the wagon that we flung him in, And watch the white eyes writhing in his face, His hanging face, like a devil's sick of sin; If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs, Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,-- My friend, you would not tell with such high zest To children ardent for some desperate glory, The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori.

16. Trench Life (Cold) Soldiers were out in the elements during the dead of winter. How could a soldier Stay Warm?

17. Latrines “The smell was a compound of stagnant mud, latrine buckets, chloride of lime, unburied and half-buried corpses, rotting sandbags, stale human sweat, fumes of cordite and lyddite. Sometimes it was sweetened by cigarette smoke and the scent of bacon frying over wood fires, sometimes made sinister by the lingering odor of poison gas. “ Private Harold Horne, Trench Life Filth

18. Latrines Corpses Rats Lice Flies Smell What did soldiers do to pass the time?

19. Rules of Engagement # 1 Signal for attack is “over the top” #2 If you are hit you must fall immediately! #3 Once the retreat whistle has been blown you must stop your attack immediately! #4 If the poison gas warning is called you must immediately put on your gas mask and keep it on until the air is safe! #5 You may not use the projector as a shield! #6 Only one piece of paper may be crumpled for a bullet! Your Goal Capture the enemy secret documents without getting killed! If you achieve your task you will earn the hero medal 1 st class

20. Writing Letters Your assignment is to write a letter home from the trench. Follow your assignment sheet for guidelines. (mention the smell, the sound, going over the top gas attacks, training etc. Listen to this short letter home as an example!