1. Introduction to GeoProbe
RUSDINADAR SIGIT Principal Geophysics Consultant

2. 2 Seismic Data Assessment Objectives
To determine the resolution and the seismic phase
To identify any acquisition or processing artifacts in the data which might mislead the interpretation
To understand the data quality in general and get familiar with the geology to set up interpretation strategy
To define whether data quality improvement can be done through pre-stack or post-stack processing

3. Concept Behind Multiple Reflections
Primary reflection are those in which the energy travels to the geology boundary and directly reflected back to the receiver
When there are large contrasts in rock properties such as hard sea bed or limestone, the reflected energy might include multiples
Multiple energy related to particular reflecting interface arrives LATER than the primary reflection
Water column multiples are usually referred to as multiples
Multiples that are related to internal layering are called inter-bed multiples or reverberation

4. Multiple Type

5. Multiples

6. Multiples

7. Multiple
Seismic processing is a pragmatic art and there will be a trade off between achieving a good image and preserving amplitude

8. Example Of Seismic Data QC

9. Normal Move Out (NMO) Seismic Geometry and NMO Process
A process to correct individual trace in the seismic gathers to be a zero incident trace by applying a velocity function at every sample point

10. Normal Move Out (NMO) Approximation of hyperbolic event

11. Normal Move Out (NMO) Picking Velocity for NMO

12. Normal Move Out (NMO) Amplitude Decay due to increasing distance of travel

13. Normal Move Out (NMO) Stretch
Cause:
Uncorrected event at the far offset using lower order NMO
Velocity anisotropy along the seismic boundary
Result:
AVO look which often misleads interpretation

14. Migration Problem At the Edge of Survey

15. Develop Interpretation Strategy Through Data FamiliarizationB

16. Develop Interpretation Strategy Through Data FamiliarizationB

17. STATIC CORRECTION PROBLEM on land seismic data

18. STATIC CORRECTION Defining datum for land seismic processing

19. TOPO AND REFRACTION CORRECTION
Topographic Correction Only
Topographic and Refraction Correction

20. TOPO AND REFRACTION CORRECTION
No Static Correction
Topographic and Refraction Correction

21. STATIC CORRECTION Res. Static, Topographic and Refraction Correction
Residual Static Correction Only

22. FAULT SHADOW

23. Seismic Response vs Boundary Shape