1. Supercomputing Center Measurement and Performance Analysis of Supercomputing Traffic by FlowScan+ 2.0 Supercomputing Center of KISTI Kookhan Kim August 28, 2003

2. Supercomputing Center 2 Contents Introduction FlowScan FlowScan+ 2.0 Traffic Measurement & Analysis Others

3. Supercomputing Center 3 Introduction We have various types supercomputers –NEC, IBM, Compaq, PC cluster Supercomputing traffics –All traffics to calculate many kinds of data, which is generated between supercomputers and every users Users would have authenticated and authorized ID Until now, we did’t try to measure supercomputing traffic and analyze them yet We want to know the characteristics of supercomputing traffics –who use it? –what applications & protocols used? –how much amount traffic generated? To meet these demands, we improved FlowScan

4. Supercomputing Center 4 What is FlowScan? FlowScan is a passive measurement tool drawing traffic graphs by analyzing network flows exported by routers and switches –NetFlow is exported CISCO routers and switches It was developed by Dave Plonka and managed by CAIDA (http://www.caida.org) Main modules - Perl scripts – cflowd (a flow collection engine) – flowscan (central process in the system) Our improvement focuses on this module – RRDtool (a visualization tool) Definition : Flow –An IP flow is a unidirectional series of IP packets of a given proto col, travelling between a source and destination, within a certain period of time.

5. Supercomputing Center 5 Enhanced FlowScan+ The goal –Make a good passive measurement tool The Motivations –Lack of traffic measurement tool that supports real time visualization and detailed traffic analysese on demand –To make user friendly tool, it can help everyone easy to use Why FlowScan? –An open source program –It has good graphing function on the web –But yet it does not support query interface Who is involved? –Supercomputing Center of KISTI –System Architecture Lab., Dept. of Computer Science, KAIST

6. Supercomputing Center 6 Flowscan Flow-Tools RRD Static graph DB Aggregation (15 min) Dynamic graph Link Query NetFlow v7 FlowScan Original Module Analysis Module (FlowScan+ 1.0) Visualization Module (FlowScan+ 2.0) Parsed Data FlowScan+ 2.0

7. Supercomputing Center 7 FlowScan+ Main Point FlowScan+ 1.0 –Use MySQL Store NetFlow Information into DB –Rawflows –Aggregated data –Query interface Access to the DB By Web Easy to use FlowScan+ 2.0 –Flow-tools NetFlow version problem –User Group Edit Small group, large group Divided by IP Class –Visualization of DB query result JAVA Servlet, jfreechart

8. Supercomputing Center 8 FlowScan+ 2.0 : NetFlow Versions NetFlow Version Comments 1Original 5Standard and most common 7 Specific to Cisco Catalyst 6500 and 7600 Series Switches Similar to Version 5, but does not include AS, interface, TCP Flag & TOS information 8 Choice of eleven aggregation schemes Reduces resource usage 9 Flexible, extensible file export format to enable easier support of additional fields & technologies; coming out now MPLS, Multicast, & BGP Next Hop

9. Supercomputing Center 9 FlowScan+ 2.0 : Flow-tools NetFlow v5 & v7 have different PDU formats and do not correspond with including information Cflowd, main NetFlow collection module in the FlowScan, cannot collect NetFlow v7 We have to change NetFlow capture module Flow-tools replace cflowd as NetFlow v7 collection modules NetFlow v5NetFlow v7 FLOW index: 0xc7ffff router: 134.75.20.70 src IP: 128.253.253.59 dst IP: 210.98.25.11 input ifIndex: 60 output ifIndex: 14 src port: 445 dst port: 2979 pkts: 6 bytes: 744 IP nexthop: 134.75.20.3 start time: Thu May 15 15:10:47 2003 end time: Thu May 15 15:10:51 2003 protocol: 6 tos: 0x0 src AS: 17579 dst AS: 17579 src masklen: 16 dst masklen: 19 TCP flags: 0x1b (PUSH|SYN|FIN|ACK) engine type: 1 engine id: 10 FLOW index: 0xc7ffff router: 150.183.5.251 src IP: 150.183.5.194 dst IP: 150.183.138.216 input ifIndex: 0 output ifIndex: 0 src port: 80 dst port: 3215 pkts: 6 bytes: 497 IP nexthop: 0.0.0.0 start time: Mon May 12 18:41:34 2003 end time: Mon May 12 18:41:34 2003 protocol: 6 tos: 0x0 src AS: 0 dst AS: 0 src masklen: 0 dst masklen: 0 TCP flags: 0x0 engine type: 0 engine id: 0

10. Supercomputing Center 10 FlowScan+ 2.0 : User Grouping There is no way to veryfy user(id) of the Supercomputer –The user-related information is only IP address in the NetFlow –By this information, we can consider that “who is generating traffic user” If users always connect the supercomputer with same system, they have the same source/dest IP : it is no problem But they can log in with other systems in the same office or same building –So we takes a user grouping concept –If completely different place log in, it is impossible analysis user(id) from NetFlow Except from this siuation, we can verify supercomputing user with network IP of NetFlow

11. Supercomputing Center 11 FlowScan+ 2.0 : User Grouping Group name  group number Group ID  user ID or related information We have classified only C class IP - If one has many user ids - When we compare the traffic of a number of institutes with each others - We should aggregate its total traffics - Large grouping

12. Supercomputing Center 12 FlowScan+ 2.0 : Visualization In FlowScan+, improved by adding MySQL, has free DBMS based on the query interface to get flow information But results of query are text based information –difficulties to intuitive understand –It cannot display result plot as time sereis To support this, FlowScan+ 2.0 takes a visualization servlet

13. Supercomputing Center 13 FlowScan+ 2.0 : Visualization Visualization process & graph - The text result is only way that we can see the result of query interface until now - If we want to see the result of graphical plot as time passed - FlowScan+ 2.0 makes one more query into DB

14. Supercomputing Center 14 Traffic Measurement topology Ruby-8/80 Catayst6506 BaramTigerKordicKfddi2LionCisco7513 C6506 SUPER COMPUTERS H-NFS Si H-Opal H-Ruby IBM NEC COMPAQ FlowScan+ 2.0 PC Cluster C6506 Ruby-8/80 Catayst6506 NetFlow v7 export Our supercomputer is linked mesh type with 2 catalyst 6500 series switches NetFlow v7 export Drawing graph every 5min. Storing aggregated data & rawflows into BD every 15min.

15. Supercomputing Center 15 Top user (by Institute) InstituteBytes (MB) % KMA48,13547.22% Seoul National Univ. 11,43311.22% KISTI10,31910.12% Air Force9,6099.43% KAIST3,7133.64% Yonsei Univ.2,9122.86% ETS soft1,0631.04% Kyunhee Univ.4510.44% Choongnam Univ.4160.41% Pusan National Univ. 4150.41% FlowScan+ 2.0 – traffic analysis (2003/July/21 14:00 ~ /28 14:00) - 1 week measurement traffic - It is analyzed by large group - The pie graph draws again by the Excel sheets

16. Supercomputing Center 16 Application ServiceBytes (MB)% http547,90247.34% ftp491,69142.48% unknown115,3199.96% telnet2,2160.19% domain2730.02% FlowScan+ 2.0 – traffic analysis (2003/July/21 14:00 ~ /28 14:00) It shows a strange result, we cannot expect We want to know the cooupied portion by various applications –Involved in bio, physics, aerospace, chemistry and so on. But those are operated in the supercomputer –Those applications are installed in the supercomputers –Users log in the supercomputer by telnet and ftp –Transfer theirs data & Operate application from remote sites

17. Supercomputing Center 17 Other usage of FlowScan+ 2.0 Detection of Network abnormalities –Port scanning –Cord Red virus –NIMDA virus Mass mailing worm component –DDoS attack Some features between flow and traffic amount Byte : normal size traffic Flow : explosive increase Detection of emerging new applications –GRID applications, P2P applications and so on –If we should match new emerge application with defined its port number Decrease unknown traffic portion

18. Supercomputing Center 18 FlowScan+ of KISTI

19. Supercomputing Center 19 Conclusions FlowScan+ developed by KISTI & KAIST Characteristics of FlowScan+ 2.0 –Flow-tools NetFlow version problem. –Group edit It can be measure & analysis of traffics by each users –Visualization of results It makes graphical plot as time serise. Future Works –DB optimization to speed up –Installation packaging –More stability of flowscan –Aggregate merits of each versions

20. Supercomputing Center 20 Thank you for your attention Questions ?