1. Communication
Unit 2.3

2. IB Specification Communication classification
Oral
Written
Visual
Non-verbal
Formal and informal
Barriers to effective communication

3. Learning Outcomes
Compare the ways in which communication takes place within organization
analyse the causes of communication failure
evaluate the solutions to such failures

4. Barriers to Communication
Distraction and multi tasking
Language
Listening skill
Articulation

5. The Key to effective Communication
Listening

6. Speaking and listening
We take notes at about 20 wpm with a pen/pencil, and between 40 and 100 wpm with a keyboard
A teacher will lecture at about 100 to 120 wpm
You think at about 500 wpm
What is going on in that excess time/space continuum?

11. Visual listening: eye contact
nod
body language

12. Verbal Cues Developing the conversation Taking it in
“Tell me more” “What was that like for you?”
Taking it in
“I see”
Responding positively
“How interesting” “What an accomplishment”
Diverging
“On the other hand, do you think….”
Probing
“What do you mean by that?”
Expanding
“Why?”
Arguing
“What proof do you have of that?”
Involving
“What would that mean to me?”
Clarifying
“I think you are saying…..” “So the problem ….”
Empathy
“I can see how that must have been hard (frustrating) (tough)”

13. Body Language

17. Speaking and presenting through “PVLEGS”
Why Oral Presentation Skills are Important
Most information in this deck from presentation by Erik Palmer at Colorado Marketing Education Association, Vail, Sept 16, 2010
Speaking and presenting through “PVLEGS”

18. Why is articulation important?
because you simply don’t want to come across like Miss South Carolina. ww

19. Oral Presentation Skills are important because
Speaking is the predominant form of communication in business
Writing is important, but being able to speak well is crucial.
People would rather do business with someone who speaks well
Zero chance of success in marketing, finance, hospitality, business management without speaking skills
Knowledge alone is not power
Communicating knowledge is power

20. Two Parts to the Speech/Presentation
Part 1: Building it.
Part 2: Performing it.

21. Building your speech/presentation
ACOVA
Audience
Content
Organization
Visual Aids
Appearance

22. Audience
Build the speech using words, tone, visuals with the following in mind:
Who?
To Whom are you presenting?
What?
What do they want?
What do they need to take away from your speech?
What is their level of understanding and knowledge?
How much do they know already?

23. Content
Include at least the minimum requirements for understanding what you are saying
Important information
Interesting information
Clarify and Explain
Make connections
Provide visual and verbal cues to embed a connector
Exclude verbal virus
Fashionable words and phrases of the moment.
Ummm Uh
Like
Obviously OK
You know what I’m sayin’

24. Organization Break through the barrier
Have opening down COLD
Grab their attention
Tell them what you are going to say
Tell them point 1
Build a signpost
Now that I have identified the target market, let me explain how we are going to reach them

25. Visual Aids Relevant Accessible Important
Can everyone in the room see it?
Important
Does it add anything? Or detract?

26. Appearance This would be about you, the speaker You must be credible
Dress appropriately
Be attentive to details
Be well groomed
Hair combed, out of eyes, not a distraction
Hands and nails clean
Don’t fidget

27. Performing your speech/presentation
PVLEGS
Poise
Voice
Life
Eye Contact
Gestures
Speed

28. Poise Appear calm and confident Avoid rocking, shuffling, fidgeting
Avoid a permanent, nervous, smile
Control the ONE thing you do which will distract the audience from your speech
Everyone has a distracter
Some distracters simply ruin a presentation

29. Voice Pleasant to listen to? Enunciate Avoid strange vocal patterns
Not too nasal
Not whiny
Not yelling
Not high pitched
Not too soft
Enunciate
Do not mumble.
Do not blur words together.
Listeners need to hear EVERY WORD
Avoid strange vocal patterns
Such as a lift or tonal rise at the end of every phrase
Implying a question or that you are not sure

30. Life Inflection Is there any feeling or emotion?
Do you really believe what you are saying?
Can we hear the excitement
Or anger, sadness, happiness, emotion
Did you inject life so as to avoid BORING

31. Eye Contact
Look at people.
Look them in the eye.

32. Gestures Move hands in a meaningful way
It is ok to talk using your hands
Does the body movement contribute to the message?
Did you lean in when you want to make a point?
Ever notice what you think when someone rolls their eyes or (worse) turns their head away while you are talking to them?
Facial expressions matter

33. Speed Pace You cannot sound like you are reading your speech.
Don’t talk too fast.
Vary your pace.
Speak slightly quicker, then slow down on an important point.
Pause for effect.
You cannot sound like you are reading your speech.