1. TARGET Promoting Pleasure Reading Amongst Male Teens Presenter Pamela Panopalis Teacher-Librarian St. Mary’s Secondary School Cobourg, Ontario Ontario Library Association Superconference Thursday, February 3, 2005

2. What is TARGET? Target is a reading incentive project aimed at engaging male teens to read for pleasure. The name was selected by a Teen Advisory Committee who decided to promote the whole concept of male adolescent pleasure reading in a campaign format.

3. What led to the creation of Target? The Target Reading Project was created as a result if another reading program entitled the White Pine. When the White Pine Reading Program™ was first implemented at St. Mary’s Secondary School, it attracted 61 members. Unfortunately out of these 61 readers, only 11 were male. The White Pine was obviously not popular with male teens and so the following question was raised: How can the St. Mary’s Secondary Library increase pleasure reading amongst male teens?

4. Why a Teen Advisory Committee? It made more sense to allow for student input. Students are current on the latest teen trends and interests. Their help would help stir us in the right direction. How were members selected? They were asked! Male students who frequent the library were asked first. Members from the student council were also approached. Names were recorded and these students were contacted. The objectives of the project were discussed and those that were interested signed on.

5. How many were on the committee? The initial Teen Advisory Committee consisted of ten members, including one female. The female considered herself a budding librarian and had a good idea of what guys like to read. Three of the students were from grades ten and eleven and four were from grade twelve. Attempts that year failed to attract any grade nine students. Originally two had signed up,but never made any of the meetings. How often did they meet? The Target campaign ran for three months and the whole team met at least once a month to discuss progress and new ideas. Individuals working on different areas would touch base more frequently with the teacher-librarian. Agendas were drawn and copies of the minutes were sent to the principal.

6. What was the objective of the Target Project? The objective was discussed in the initial Target Meeting and that was to increase pleasure reading amongst male teens at St. Mary’s Secondary School. Why was this an important area to pursue? Research indicates a connection between literature and literacy. Increased reading experiences develop comprehension, communication, general knowledge, vocabulary and syntactic knowledge. Furthermore, students who are active and engaged readers are more apt to perform better on standardize tests. (Krashen,1993)

7. The decisions of the TARGET Committee The following strategies were generated and implemented throughout the course of the Target Project.

8. Name the project The committee wanted to run the project like a campaign with a climatic celebration. They settled on the name TARGET. They did not want any reference to gender on the promos, to advertise it as an exclusive GUY’S Reading Club, they thought would discriminate and deter females from participating. The TAC would orally announce that TARGET had a variety of stuff that may appeal to guys, but no where did they want it promoted as a GUY’S Reading Club.

9. Offer a wide range of reading material The committee did not want to run it as a program with a fixed selection of books to choose from. They wanted to see a wide range of reading choices that would include not only fiction and non-fiction books, but also comics, newspapers and popular magazines. Establish a leisure reading area The committee thought the library was too academic and wanted to see a defined leisure reading area that would include comfy chairs and house the newspapers and popular magazines

10. Generate interest surveys Committee members collected data on male student interests. Would these students be interested in coming into the library if there were any books or magazines on the things that interested them? Sample of Interest Survey Movies 12345 music animated horror sports

11. Display Target Books separately It would be more convenient to have all the books of possible interest in one locale. Most students, especially the ones who are not used to a library setup, would not be inclined to go shifting through the shelves to find a book of interest. If the books were strategically placed in a designated area, especially near the circulation counter, there would be more of a chance of students actually checking them out. The committee scanned the library for all possible books of interest. Stickers were placed on the spine label and the books were placed on a separate shelf. The committee also brought books from home on temporary loan.

12. Create a bulletin board with males reading The committee thought that a bulletin board with the coolest guys in school reading may also be effective. Pictures were taken of male students and staff reading. Their pictures were displayed in a collage form, with the Target Rack right underneath. Advertise outside the library The committee set up seasonal TARGET displays in a glass cabinet outside the library. September had a sport’s theme. October featured horror books. November had history and war books. December displayed the new arrivals.

13. Advertise around school The Committee designed Target Posters and Target bookmarks. These were distributed to homerooms so staff can promote the project as well. Hold weekly draws The community was quite generous in donating to the cause and a series of gift certificates from local businesses were donated.

14. Give Target Book Talks The teacher-librarian and some committee members promoted the project through a series of book talks. Distribute Target Book Bins The committee thought of sending samples of Target books to classes who participate in silent reading. A few classes, especially those with more male students agreed to have book bins delivered to their classes.

15. Hold a grand Target celebration The committee wanted to see a culminating event that would celebrate male teen pleasure reading. They decided on a Café Style Book Talk, with live music at the end. Pass out Certificates Certificates were designed and passed out during the Target Café Style Book Talk. They served as an acknowledgement and encouragement in participating in a reading program. The committee also thought that this would look good in the student portfolio.

16. Target Reading Incentive Campaign: The Results The campaign ran for 3 months from Sept. 15 th - Dec. 15 th. Any male or female student checking out a book form the Target Rack was asked if the book was required reading or pleasure reading. If they replied the latter, it was recorded on a Data Collection Tracking Chart.

17. Data Collection Tracking Chart Sample Name Grade Type Of Reading Material Title / Author SubjectsReason for selection Justin Davidson 9NF Great Goalies / DuplaceySports / hockey /history Likes hockey Nikolas Krolczyk 11F Siege of Sardath/ Jackson, S.fantasy Good game book Marcel Lafonatine 9NF Rockschool / Lent. C.Rock music Instruction Interested in keyboarding Mike Cain 10F 3001:TheFinal Space Odyssey Clarke, A. Science fiction Loves sci fi

18. Comparison Chart: White Pine versus Target The project attracted 56 readers and only 6 were female. The TAC had been adamant in not promoting TARGET as an exclusive Guy’s Club, and yet females were not attracted to it. Female students would browse through the TARGET rack, but decline to check out any of the selections. The White Pine was also not meant to be exclusive and was never promoted as such, but yet it appeared to attract more females than males.

19. Target Male Readers: According to Grade. The majority of TARGET participants came from grade 10, attracting 18 readers and grade 9 coming in second with 16 readers.

20. Total Amount of Items Read: Males Only There were 104 checkouts and 97 were from male borrowers. Twenty- three out of the fifty or 46% were repeat borrowers, patrons who checked out more than one book.

21. Target Repeat Borrowers: Males Only Grade 10 had the most checkouts, but interestingly enough, many of the repeated borrowers were from grade 11 where 4/5 males checked out more than one item.

22. Target Reading Type Choices Fiction versus Non-Fiction There did not appear to be any great discrepancy between fiction and non- fiction reading choices amongst the male readers. Non-fiction had a slight edge with 49 checkouts.

23. Fiction Books Selected By Male Target Readers Fantasy Books such as The Hobbitt by J.R. Tolkien appeared to be popular choices in fiction.

24. Non-Fiction Books Selected by Target Male Readers History books such as The Great War by. J. Winter or Pharaohs of Egypt by J. Hawkes appeared to be most popular amongst male readers. Sport magazines came in second.

25. Percentage of Identified Participants: Males Only The TARGET reading project attracted 19 formally identified students, including two females. Interestingly enough, the White Pine attracted only 8 identified students. There were no classification of reading levels placed on the books in either program, nor were they promoted as such.

26. Target Identified Readers The majority of identified students were either learning disabled or were diagnosed with multiple exceptionalities. Many of the participants came from grade 12 where 7/11 were formally identified.

27. Reading Type Preferences of Identified Participants There did not appear to be any great discrepancy between the reading choices of the identified students. Fiction books were slightly more popular.

28. Evaluation of the Target Project The project was evaluated three ways: data, teacher input, student input

29. Target Evaluation: Teacher Input Teachers were made aware of the project during a staff meeting. Staff were very supportive of the program. Many participated in the book talks and agreed to have book bins in their classrooms. It was hard, however, to determine any significant change in the attitudes towards pleasure reading amongst their male students. One particular teacher who had agreed to the book bins, eventually continued on with the silent reading periods. He had figured on making this a temporary venture, but his class voted overwhelmingly to keep reading.

30. Target Evaluation: Student Input TARGET evaluation surveys were circulated to all participants and 32 responded. Many were impressed with the program and the variety of the selections. Favorable comments were made on the range of choice and quite a few positive comments were made on the fact that we had included comics and popular magazines. The popular drawing features were: 1.The TARGET Reading Rack 2.The Get Caught Reading Bulletin Board 3.The Café Style Book Talk 4.The Posters 5.Weekly Draws 6.Outside Displays

31. Target Recommendations Should be a regular part of the SMSS library plan Project should run for longer periods Teen male literacy should be promoted outside the library and around the community Teen Advisory Committee should be considered when launching other programs Invite guest speakers Start a website off the school library page with Target Pics Circulate Target Newsletters Start a book club

32. Target Reading Personal Reflections Enthusiasm of the Teen Advisory Committee—students wanted to read more literature on boys and literacy The opinion of sexual discrimination—how the TAC considered calling the program a Guy’s Reading Club exclusive The attraction of so many Identified Students The Target Reading Club and the White Pine had opposite attraction ratios

33. Target Reading Project The following are appendices of some of the items used or pertaining to program…

34. Budget For a Target Program Budget for TARGET Two Arm chairs $ 736.00 Bulk Magazine Subscription $ 261.00 Graphic Novels $ 335.00 Incentives $ - Book Talk $ 32.00 TOTAL $1,364.00

35. Target References Booth, D. (2002). Even hockey players read: boys, literacy and learning. Markham: Pembroke Brozo, W. (2002). To be a boy reader: engaging teen and preteen boys in active literacy. Newark: International Reading Association Krashen, S. (1993). The power of reading. Englewood: Libraries Unlimitted. Pritchard, L. (2003) Understanding the reluctant male reader implications for the teacher librarian. Retrieved: September 30, 2003 from Http://www.penguin.com Http://www.penguin.com Scieszka, J. Guy’s read website. Retrieved September 26, 2003 from http://www.guysread.com/content2.html

36. Sample of TARGET Poster

37. Samples of Target Invitation and Certificate

38. TARGET DISPLAY

39. Books checked out by the TARGET Readers

40. Target Selections: Fiction Books Crichton, Michael. Timeline, New York: Ballantine, 1999. Carey,Diane. Star trek: ship of the line. Toronto: Pocket Book, 1997. Verne, Jules. 20,000 leagues under the sea. Toronto: Bantam, 1962. Clarke, Arthur. 2010 Space Odyssey two: New York: Ballantine Books, 1982. Vonnegut, Kurt Cat’s Cradle. New York: Laurel Books, 1988. Rice, Anne, Vittorio. the vampire, new tales of the vampires. New York: Ballantine Books, 1999. Ice, Kathy. Magic: the gathering of distant planes. New York: Harper Collins, 1996.

41. Target Selections: Fiction books continued Dumas, Alexandre. Rogers, J. translator. The man in the iron mask. New York: Signet, 1992. Oppel, Kenneth. The live forever machine. Toronto: Harper Collins, 1990.. Herbert, Frank. Dune. New York: Ace Books, 1990. Puzo, Mario. The Godfather. New York: Putman, 1969. King, Stephen. The fire starter. New York: New American Library, 1981. Cornwell, Bernard. Excalibur. London, England: Penguin Books, 1997. Puzo, Mario. The Sicilian. New York: Linden Press. 1984. Kay, Guy Gavriel. Sailing to sarantium. Toronto: Penguin. 1998.

42. Target Selections: Fiction Books continued Askew, Kim. Surfers of the snow. Markham, On.: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1998. Huff, Tanya. The second summoning. New York: Daw Books, 2001. Tine, Robert. Outbreak. New York: Penguin Books, 1995. Rice, Anne Interview with a vampire. New York: Knopf, 1995. Hilton, James. Lost horizon. New York: Pocket Books, 1983. Paulson, Gary. The river. New York: Laurel-Leaf, 1991. Peacock, Shane. The secret of the silver mines. Toronto: Puffin, 2001. King, Stephen. Heart in Atlantis. New York: Pocket Books, 1999.

43. Target Selections: Fiction Books continued Hugo, Victor. The Hunchback of Notre Dame. New York: Penguin, 1996. Lewis, C.S. The last battle. New York: Harper-Trophy, 1956. Chan Gillian. Foreign field. Toronto: Kids Can Press, 2002. Applegate, K.A. Enchanted everworld #3. New York: Scholastic,1999. Pike, Christopher. Tales of terror. New York: Archway, 1997. Niles, Douglas. Darkwalker on moonshae. Lake Geneva, WIS: ISR, Inc. 1987. Tolkien J.R.R. The hobbit. London. Grafton, 1997. Kay, Guy Gavriel. Tiganna. Markham, ON.: Penguin Books, 1991. Stine, R.L. Fight team. New York: Golden Books, 1998.

44. Target Selection: Fiction Books continued Pike Christopher. Bury me deep. New York: Pulsee, 1991. Perry, S. D. Virus. New York: Pocket Books. 1991. King, Stephen. It. New York: Penguin Books, 1986. Jackson, Steve. Siege of Sardath. London: Puffin Books, 1991. Hickman, Homer. October sky. New York: Island Books, 1998. Kay, Guy, Gavriel. Summer tree. New York: Harper Coliins, 1984. Tolkien, J.R. The lost road. New York: Harper Collins, 1993. Patterson, James. Along came a spider. Boston: Little Brown, 1993.

45. Target Selection High Interest / Low Vocabulary Fiction Kropp, Paul. Baby blue. Don Mills, ON: Maxwell Macmillan Canada, 1989. Kyi, Tanya Lloyd. Truth. Victoria, BC: Orca Book Publishers, 2003. Choyce, Lesley. Roid rage. Medeira Park, BC: Harbour Publishing, 1999. Kropp, Paul. We both have scars. Don Mills, ON: Maxwell Macmillan Canada, 1990. Matheson, Shirlee Smith. Fastback beach. Victoria, BC: Orca Book Publishers, 2003. Choyce, Lesley. Full tilt. Don Mills, ON: Maxwell Macmillan Canada, 1993. Brouwer, Sigmund. Mountain biking – to the extreme – cliff dive. Dallas, TX: Word Publishing, 1996.

46. High Interest / Low Vocabulary Fiction (continue) Gaetz, Dayle Campbell. No problem. Victoria, BC: Orca Book Publishers, 2003. Ibbitson, John. Starcrosser. Don Mills, ON: Maxwell Macmillan Canada, 1990. Choyce, Lesley. Wrong time, wrong place. Halifax, NS: Formac Publishing Company Limited, 1991. Goobie, Beth. Who owns Kelly Paddik?. Victoria, BC: Orca Book Publishers, 2003. Morck, Irene. Tough trails. Victoria, BC: Orca Book Publishers, 2003. Kropp, Paul. Blizzard. Scarborough, ON: Prentice Hall Canada, 1995. Goobie, Beth. Sticks and stones. Victoria, BC: Orca Book Publishers, 2002. Heneghan, James. Hit squad. Victoria, BC: Orca Book Publishers, 2003. Choyce, Lesley. Clearcut danger. Halifax, NS: Formac Publishing Company Limited, 1992.

47. High Interest / Low Vocabulary Fiction (continued) Bell, William. Death wind. Victoria, BC: Orca Book Publishers, 2002. Horowitz, Anthony. Stormbreaker. New York, NY: Puffin Books, 2000. Booker, Jean. Mystery house. Toronto, ON; Stoddart Publishing Co. Limited, 1987. Butcher, Kristin. The trouble with Liberty. Victoria, BC: Orca Book Publishers, 2003. Halvorson, Marilyn. Bull rider. Victoria, BC: Orca Book Publishers, 2003. Goobie, Beth. Kicked out. Scarborough, ON: Prentice Hall Canada, 1995. Choyce, Lesley. Good idea gone bad. Halifax, NS: Formac Publishing Company Limited, 1993. Hill, Laban. Half pipe rip-off. New York, NY: Hyperion Paperbacks for Children, 1998.

48. High Interest / Low Vocabulary Fiction (continued) Nicholson, Lorna Schultz. Interference. Toronto, ON: James Lorimer & Company Ltd., 2004. Choyce, Lesley. Dark end of Dream Street. Halifax, NS: Formac Publishing Limited, 1994. Kropp, Paul. Dead on. Don Mills, ON: Collier Macmillan Canada Inc., 1980. Brouwer, Sigmund. Scuba diving – to the extreme – off the wall. Dallas, TX: Word Publishing, 1996. Morck, Irene. Tough trails. Don Mills, ON: Maxwell Macmillan Canada, 1994. Godfrey, Martyn. In the time of the monsters. Don Mills, ON: Maxwell Macmillan Canada, 1989. Polak, Monique. Flip turn. Toronto, ON: James Lorimer & Company Ltd., Publishers, 2004.

49. Target Selection: Non-Fiction Books Moore, Michael. Stupid White Men. New York: Harper Collins, 2001. Covey, Sean. The 7 habits of highly effective teens. New York: Fireside, 1998. Woog, Adam. The Beatles. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1998. Winter, Jay. The great war. New York: Penguin Studio, 1998. Joseph, James. Here is your hobby: snowmobiling. New York: Putman. 1972. Clark, Alan. Comics: an illustrated history. London: Greenwood, 1991. Silverman, David. Ancient Egypt. London: Duncan Baird, 1997. Hobson, Christine. Exploring the world of pharaohs London: Thames and Hudson, 1990.

50. Target Selections: Non Fiction Books continued Lampton, Christopher. DNA and the creation of life. New York: Arco Pub., 1983. Spick, Mike. Fighters at war. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1997. Donald, David. The military jets aircraft. London: Brown Books, 1998. Boden, J. Canada north of sixty. Toronto: McClelland Stewart, 1991. Lent. Christopher. Rockschool 2. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1987. Shirley, David. History of rock and roll. New York: F. Watts, 1997. Williams, Tony. Rugby skills and tactics. Wiilowdale, ON: Firefly Books, 2000. Duplacey, James. Great goalies. Toronto: Kids Can Press, 1994

51. Target Selections: Non Fiction Books continued Donald, David. The military jets: aircraft guide. London: Brown Books, 1998. Klein, Naomi. No logo. Toronto: Vintage Canada, 2000. Jordan, Michael. Nostradamus. Dubai: Carlton Books, 1998. McDonell, Chris. Hockey’s greatest stars. Willowdale. ON: Firefly Books, 1999. Hodgson, Lyn-Philip. Inside camp x. Port Perry, ON: Blake Books, 2000. Lotherington, John. Tudor years. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1994. The concise encyclopedia to formula one racing. UK: Parragon, 2000. Armstrong, Lance. It’s no about the bike. New York: G.P. Putman, 2000.

52. Target Selections: Non Fiction Books Continued Hart, Christopher. How to draw animation. New York: Watson, Guptill, 1997. Marshall, Chris. Warfare in the ancient medieval warfare. Austin, TX: Raintree, Steck, Vaughan, 1999. Fleisher, Paul. Relativity and quantum mechanics. Minneapolis: Lerner, 2002. Perret, Byran. Iron fist. London: Cassell, 1995. Margolis, Jeffrey. Violence in sports Berkley Heights, NJ: Enslow, 1999. Vercouuter, Jean. The search for ancient Egypt. New York: H.N. Abrams, 1 992. Joyce, Dan. The complete book of cycling. London: Hamlyn, 1997. Crowther, Nicky The ultimate mountain bike book. Toronto: Firefly books,,2000.

53. Target Selections: Non Fiction Books continued Taylpr, A.,P. The first war an illustrated history. England: Penguin Books, 1963. Sommerville, Donald. World war one. Austin, TX: Raintree,Steck and Vaughn, 1999. Crown, Hugh. Military helicopters. New York: Gallery Books, 1984.

54. Graphic Novels Konomi, Takeshi. The prince of tennis; Shoen Jump Graphic Novel / Vol. 1. San Francisco, CA.: Viz. 2004. Satarapi, Marjane. Persepolis 2 / The story of a return. New York: Pantheon. 2003. Satarapi, Majane. Persepolis. 1 / the story of a childhood. New York: Pantheon, 2003. Carnell, John, Leialona, Steve. The Hitcher’s guide to the galaxy. New York: Byron Preisis Visual. 1997. Mityazaki, Hayao. Nausicaa of the valley of the wind / 1. San Francisco, CA: Viz. 2004. Speigelman, Art. Maus: a survivor’s tale/ my father bleeds history. New York: Pantheon, 1999. Speigelman, Art. Maus: a survivor’s tale / and here my troubles began. New York: Pantheon Books. 1991.

55. Graphic Novels Moore, Alan. Across the universe / the DC universe stories of Alan Moore. New York: DC Comics, 2003. Avi. City of light, city of dark. New York: Scholastic, 1993. Dixon, Charles and Deming, Sean. J.R.R. Tolkien, the hobbit graphic novel. London: Grafton Books, 1991. Collins, Max Allen et el. On the road to perdition / detour. New York: Paradox Press, 2004. Tezuka, Osamu. Adolf 1945 and all that remains. San Francisco: Cadence Books, 2003. Brown, Chester. Louis Riel, a comic strip biography. Montreal: Drawn and Quarterly Publications, 2003. Eisner, Will. Moby Dick. New York: Nantier, Beall & Minoustchine, 1998. Clamp School Detectives. Vol. 1 of 3. Los Angeles, CA: Tokyopop, 1992.

56. Graphic Novels Kesel, Barbara. Meridian / Taking the skies. Oldsmar, FL : CrossGeneration Comics, 2001. Kesel, Barbara. Meridian / Flying Solo. Oldsmar, FL: CrossGen Comics LLC, 2001. Kesel, Barbara. Meridian / Going to ground. Oldsmar, FL: CrossGeneration Comics, 2001. Smith, Jeff. Bone / Out from Boneville. Columbus, OH: Cartoon Books, 1992. Smith, Jeff. Bone / The great cow race. Columbus, OH: Cartoon Books, 1996. Smith, Jeff. Bone / Eyes of the storm. Columbus, OH: Cartoon Books, 1996.

57. Target selection / Non-fiction High Interest/Low Vocabulary “Danger is my business” series Ziegler, Heidi. Bodyguard. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2003. Abraham, Phil. The firefighter. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2003. Cefrey, Holly. Bounty Hunters. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2003. Weintraub, Aileen. Stunt double. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2003. “Natural disasters” series Thompson, Luke. Volcanoes. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Thompson, Luke. Tsunamis. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Thompson, Luke. Forest Fires. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Thompson, Luke. Earthquakes. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Thompson, Luke. Tornados. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Thompson, Luke. Floods. New York: Scholastic, 2000.

58. Target selection / Non-fiction High Interest / Low vocabulary “Life in the future” series Cafrey, Holly. Virtual reality. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2002. Beyer, Mark. Transportation of the future. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2002. Cafrey, Holly. Cloning and genetic engineering. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2002. Beyer, Mark. Space exploration. New York: Scholastic, 2002. “Built for speed” series Cefrey, Holly. High speed trains. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2001. Thompson, Luke. Jet ski. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2000. Murdico, Suzanne J. Concorde. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2000. Beyer, Mark. Speed boats. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2000.

59. Target selection / Non-fiction High Interest / Low Vocabulary “Backstage Pass” series Wessling, Katherine. Backstage at a movie set. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2003. Cafrey, Holly. Backstage at a music video. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Somervil, Barbara A. Backstage at a Newscast. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Miller, Kimberly M. Backstage at a playCafrey, Holly. Backstage at a music video. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Somervil, Barbara A. Backstage at a Newscast. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Miller, Kimberly M. Backstage at a play. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Fingerroth, Danny. Backstage at an animated series. New York: Scholastic, 2003.

60. Target selection / Non-fiction High Interest / Low Vocabulary “Extreme outdoors” series Brown, Gillian C.P. Snowboarding. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Weintraub, Aileen. Rock climbing. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Weintraub, Aileen. Mountain biking. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Zeigler, Heidi. Hang gliding. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Cefrey, Holly. Sky surfing. New York: Scholastic, 2003. “Survivor” series Beyer, Mark. Crisis in space / Apollo 13. New York: Scholastic, 2001. Werther Scott P. Jon Krakauer’s adventure on Mt. Everest. New York: Scholastic, 2003.

61. Target selection / Non-fiction High Interest / Low vocabulary “Survivor” series Werther, Scott P. Alive! Airplane crash in the Andes mountains. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Fine, Jil. The whaleship Essex / the true story of Moby Dick. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Werther, Scott P. The Donner party. New York: Scholastic, 2002. Abraham, Philip. John F. Kennedy and PT109. New York: Scholastic, 2002. Somervill, Barbara. Scott O’Grady behind enemy lines. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Cafrey, Holly. Steven Callahan adrift at sea. New York: Scholastic, 2003. Fine, Jil. The Shackleton expedition. New York: Scholastic, 2002. Werther, Scott. Dr. Jerri Nielsen ; cheating death in Antarctica. New York: Scholastic, 2003.

62. Target selection / Non-fiction High Interest / Low Vocabulary “Animal Attack” series Murdico, Suzanne. Coyote attacks. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Fitzgerald, Patrick. Lion attacks. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Fitzgerald, Patrick. Croc and gator attacks. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Murdico, Suzanne. Tiger attacks. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Laslo, Cynthia. Rat attacks. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Murdico, Suzane. Wild dog attacks. New York: Scholastic, 2000. Fitzgerald, Patrick. Bear attacks. New York: Scholastic, 2000.

63. Target selection / Non-fiction High Interest / Low Vocabulary Innes, Brian. The Bermuda triangle / unsolved mysteries. Austin, TX: Steck- Vaughn, 1999. Innes, Brian. Water monsters / unsolved mysteries. Austin, TX: Steck- Vaughn, 1999. Roydhouse, Sandy. Good sports / a collection of biographies. Don Mills, ON: Pearson Educational, 2003. Wright, Nelwyn. Dynamic dance. Don Mills, ON: Pearson Education, 2003. Bacon, Francis. Our place in space. Don Mills, ON: Pearson Education, 2003. MacDonald, Cheryl. Niagara daredevils / amazing stories. Canmore, AB: Altitude Publishers, 2003. Moore, Micheal. Stupid white men. New York: Regan Books, 2001.