2. Chapter 25 section 3: The Scramble for Africa
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, European powers claimed land in much of Africa.
What factors led to the new imperialism?
How did European powers claim territory in Africa?
How did Africans resist European imperialism?

3. New Imperialism = The Scramble for Africa
The domination of European powers
(and US and Japan) over subject
lands in the larger world by
various methods
New Imperialism = The Scramble for Africa
Not necessarily interested in colonizing
Europeans looked to govern large areas of non-European people
Motivated by political interests, economic interests, cultural motives

7. The Scramble for Africa
Economic interests= raw materials, slave labor, new markets
Entrepreneurs expect home countries to support these efforts
Political interests= Reflected long time rivalry between France and Great Britain, and growing nationalism in Europe
Cultural interest= Social Darwinism and “The White Man’s Burden”
New Imperialism

8. Social Darwinism? Cecil Rhodes:
“I content that we are the finest race in the world and that the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for the human race… What an alteration there would be if they (Africans) were brought under Anglo-Saxon influence.”
RACIST VIEW = People of European descent superior to people of African, Asian descent

9. “The White Man’s Burden”
Rudyard Kipling

10. Cultural Motivations =
The White Man’s Burden

13. “Whatever happens we have got The Maxim gun and they have not.”
- Hilaire Belloc
Quinine?

14. The French and British gain control of the Suez Canal 1876
British remained in Egypt until 1954

15. King Leopold I of Belgium
Berlin Conference
King Leopold I of Belgium
Boer War

16. The Berlin Conference 1884-1885
Coordinated by German (von Bismarck), called for by Portugal
14 European nations and the United States were involved: no Africans were invited
Generally agreed to represent the formalization of the Scramble for Africa
Organized in response to Stanley’s mapping of the Congo Basin and to King Leopold’s
assertion that the Congo region would be a trade free zone.
The General Act of the Berlin Conference proclaimed:
1. The Free State of Congo was confirmed as private property of the Congo Society and
essentially the private property of King Leopold.
(because of the terror regime established, it would eventually become a Belgian colony 1908).
The 14 signatory powers would have free trade throughout the Congo Basin and the Niger and
Congo Rivers were made free for ship traffic.
3. An international prohibition of the slave trade was signed.
4. Any European country could establish colonies as long as they told everyone, and
occupied previously unoccupied territories.

17. (Death toll estimates 3-15 million Africans)
“The baskets of severed hands, set down at the feet of the
European post commanders, became the symbol of the Congo Free State. ...
The collection of hands became an end in itself. Force Publique soldiers brought them to the stations in place of rubber; they even went out to harvest them instead of rubber... They became a sort of currency.
They came to be used to make up for shortfalls in rubber quotas, to replace... the people who were demanded for the forced labor gangs; and the Force Publique soldiers were paid their bonuses on the basis of how many hands they collected.” - Belgian Commissioner
(Death toll estimates 3-15 million Africans)
African men were murdered, women were raped and murdered, if they did not fill their quota of rubber and ivory

19. World History Notebook Organization!
Start Organizing!!
3 ring binder with dividers
Dividers labeled as follows: (you already have geography
and Europe Chapters 15, 16 and 18)
Europe
Chapter 19 section 1 (The Scientific Revolution)
Chapter 19 section 2 (The Enlightenment)
Chapter 20 sections 1-4
(The French Revolution and Napoleon)
Chapter 21 (The Industrial Revolution)
Latin America
Chapter 7 sections 2 and 3
Chapter 23 section 3
Chapter 25 section 4
Chapter 32 sections 1-3
Africa
Chapter 10 sections 1-3
Chapter 25 section 3
Chapter 31 sections 1 and 2
DUE
FRIDAY
MARCH
25th
50 points:
20 = proper organization
20 = neatness, attention
10 = complete
All Maps
All Homework
All Notes

20. The Scramble for Africa
New Imperialism
European Nations in Africa
Resistance to imperialism
Economic interests= raw materials, slave labor, new markets
Entrepreneurs expect home countries to support these efforts
Political interests= Reflected long time rivalry between France and Great Britain, and growing nationalism in Europe
Cultural interest= Social Darwinism and “The White Man’s Burden”
Aided by advances in medicine, weapons, communication and transportation
Suez Canal influenced Britain’s interests in Egypt
Belgian king controlled Congo with brutal methods
Berlin Conference mediated European disputes
Boer War fought over southern Africa
Zulu fought the British (50 hyrs!)but ultimately failed
Ethiopians defeated the Italians
Malinke people fought against French rule in West Africa but ultimately failed
Maji Maji Rebellion was put down by the Germans in East Africa- tens of thousands of Africans were killed

22. 1895 = Italians invaded Ethiopia over a treaty dispute
Menelik II amassed 100,000 soldiers with modern technology
Ethiopians easily defeated the Italians
ONLY example of an African nation that was able to remain independent after European attempt to colonize

24. Imperialism =
New Imperialism = The Scramble for Africa
Nationalism =