1. Design of experiments for germination of vigna radiata 徐任飞，金雯，马莹，包璐璐，余贞富

2. Agenda Introduction Design of experiment Data analysis Data analysis after data transformation Conclusion Q&A

3. INTRODUCTION

4. Background and Objective Temperature Humidity Air Moisture Light condition Germinating bed Soak time Solution strength for soak

5. Literature Review TitleAuthorConclusion 三种豆科植物 种子荫发特性 的研究 廖建良，贺握权， 许灿英，尹艳 Temperature: 15 to 20 centigrade Illumination: dark Germinating bed: on or between paper 绿豆的浸泡工 艺及其对绿豆 种子萌发的影 响研究 吴小勇，曾庆孝， 田金河，柳明鲜 Soak time: 6 to 10 days 盐胁迫对绿豆 种子萌发的影 响 张秀玲 Solution strength for soak: neutral salt has no effect on germination, while has effect on growing of sprout. Basic salt has effect on both the two.

6. DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT

7. Design methodology Response variable –Germination percentage –Where n is the number of germinated seeds –N is the total number –Germination rate –Where Dt is the number of days from growing –Gt is the number of seeds germinated at that day

8. Design methodology Input variable Variable Control level Low （ -1 ） High （ 1 ） Light conditionNo sunlight Night and day alternate Seed soaking time1 day5 day Culture mediumAbove napkinSoil surface Seed soaking solution 400mmol/L NaClWater

9. Design methodology Noise –Quality of the air The same experiment location and time –Quality of the seeds The same lot –Temperature The same experiment location and time

10. Design of the experiment The 2 4-1 fractional factorial design –Alias structure –Resolution IV design Defining relation: I=ABCD [A]->A+BCD [B]->B+ACD [C]->D+ABD [D]->C+ABC [AB]->AB+CD [AC]->AC+BD [AD]->AD+BC

11. Design of the experiment Design matrix Run Basic design Seed soaking solution （ D=ABC ） Light condition （ A ） Seed soaking time （ B ） Culture medium （ C ） 1 21 1 3 1 1 411 5 11 61 1 7 11 81111

12. Experiment implementation –8 groups with 30 Vigna radiatas each –Soak the vigna radiatas which need 5 days soaking on the May, 22 at 23:20 – Soak the vigna radiatas which need 1 days soaking on the May, 26 at 23:20 –Plant all of them on the May, 27 at 23:20 –Water 2 or 3 times per day to keep culture medium humid –Check the germination condition at 23:20 each day and record the data –Calculate the germination rate and percentage

13. DATA ANALYSIS

14. Main effects

16. Interactions

17. Factor effects estimation

18. Statistical testing

19. Model refinement

20. Statistical testing 发芽率 =83.75-14.58* 光照条件

21. Residual analysis

22. Factor effects estimation

23. Statistical testing

24. Model refinement

25. Statistical testing 发芽速率 =17.081-6.416* 光照条件 -2.189* 浸种时间

26. Residual analysis

27. The response surface(GP) Soaking time has no significant effect and darkness can maximize GP No interaction

28. The response surface(GR) One day soaking and darkness can maximize GR No interaction

29. Response optimization

30. DATA ANALYSIS AFTER DATA TRANSFORMATION

31. Data Transformation Data transformation –Bounded response variable -> unbounded

32. Main effects

34. Interactions

35. Factor effects estimation

36. Model refinement

37. Statistical testing 发芽率 ( 变换 )=3.608-2.681* 光照条件 -1.614* 浸种时间 +1.307* 光照条件 * 浸种时间

38. Residual analysis

39. Factor effects estimation

40. Model refinement

41. Statistical testing 发芽速率 =17.081-6.416* 光照条件 -2.189* 浸种时间

42. Residual analysis

43. The response surface(transformed GP) One day soaking and darkness can maximize GP Interaction effect between soaking time and light condition.

44. Response optimization

45. Conclusion Light condition and seed soaking time affect germination percentage and germination rate significantly, while culture medium and seed soaking solution do not have great influence on GP and GR. Darkness and one day soaking time promote germination separately. Interaction effect between soaking time and light condition affects germination percentage. The best solution is no sunlight and one day soaking time for both maximal GP and GR.

46. Q&A