1. Iowa AWMA Air Permit Workshop Stack Testing Basics Dan Despen Interpoll Laboratories, Inc.

2. Agenda The Basics The Basics EPA Method 1: Testing LocationEPA Method 1: Testing Location EPA Method 2: Volumetric FlowEPA Method 2: Volumetric Flow EPA Method 3: Gas CompositionEPA Method 3: Gas Composition EPA Method 4: Moisture DeterminationEPA Method 4: Moisture Determination

3. Agenda, Cont’d The Pollutants: The Pollutants: EPA Method 5:ParticulateEPA Method 5:Particulate EPA Method 202: Condensable PMEPA Method 202: Condensable PM EPA Method 7E: Oxides of NitrogenEPA Method 7E: Oxides of Nitrogen EPA Method 10: Carbon MonoxideEPA Method 10: Carbon Monoxide EPA Method 25A: VOC as carbonEPA Method 25A: VOC as carbon

4. EPA Method 1 Sample and velocity traverses for stationary sources Sample and velocity traverses for stationary sources Very critical to successful testing Very critical to successful testing Includes only basic flow considerations, need to add: Includes only basic flow considerations, need to add: SafetySafety AccessAccess Space (“elbow room”)Space (“elbow room”)

10. Method 2 Determination of Volumetric Flow Rate Determination of Volumetric Flow Rate DSCFMDSCFM ACFMACFM Average Temperature Average Temperature Average Velocity Pressure Average Velocity Pressure Absolute Pressure (Pb + Ps) Absolute Pressure (Pb + Ps)

11. Method 3 Used to determine the molecular weight of the gas stream (Ref. EPA Method 2) Used to determine the molecular weight of the gas stream (Ref. EPA Method 2) Also for determining the oxygen or carbon dioxide content of the gas stream (as in a diluent, or CEM measurement case) Also for determining the oxygen or carbon dioxide content of the gas stream (as in a diluent, or CEM measurement case)

12. Method 4 Used to determine the moisture content of the gas stream Used to determine the moisture content of the gas stream Enters into the determination of wet molecular weight (EPA Method 2) Enters into the determination of wet molecular weight (EPA Method 2) Used to calculate dry standard cubic feet (DSCF) from Actual (ACFM) Used to calculate dry standard cubic feet (DSCF) from Actual (ACFM)

13. Method 5 Used to determine the particulate concentration of the gas stream Used to determine the particulate concentration of the gas stream EPA Method 5 only determines the “dry” fraction – that which is considered filterable EPA Method 5 only determines the “dry” fraction – that which is considered filterable Includes the material captured in the probe and on the filter Includes the material captured in the probe and on the filter

14. EPA Method 202 Used to determine the condensable fraction of particulate matter Used to determine the condensable fraction of particulate matter Erroneously referred to as: Erroneously referred to as: OrganicOrganic InorganicInorganic Really the differentiation is the polarity of the material collected Really the differentiation is the polarity of the material collected Methylene chloride is the differentiating solvent (note: NOT very polar)Methylene chloride is the differentiating solvent (note: NOT very polar)

18. Method 5 Filter and Probe Rinse Weight Analysis 11.2.1 (Filter) Constant Weight(g)0.0005 11.2.2 (Probe Wash) Constant Weight(g)0.0005 Total Mass(g)0.0010 (GR)0.0154 Volume Sampled(DSCF)30 “Particulate” Concentration(GR/DSCF)0.0005 Method 5 Detectable Level(GR/DSCF)0.0051 (Ten times the “error”)

19. Concerns regarding “dual” limits: Permit has both (LB/HR) & (GR/DSCF) (LB/HR) = (GR/DSCF)(DSCF/HR)(LB/7000GR) (LB/HR) frequently modeled, but (GR/DSCF) is the measured quantity As an example, a well functioning baghouse will have approximately the same lb/hr at variable air flows, but the GR/DSCF will vary with dilution.

20. Method 7E, 10 7E is for the determination of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) 7E is for the determination of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) 10 is for the determination of carbon monoxide (CO) 10 is for the determination of carbon monoxide (CO) Both are typically performed real- time using instrumentation Both are typically performed real- time using instrumentation May May

22. Method 25A Determination of Total Gaseous Organic Concentration using a Flame Ionization Detector Determination of Total Gaseous Organic Concentration using a Flame Ionization Detector General (“whole”, “Total”) Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) General (“whole”, “Total”) Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Uses propane or methane standards Uses propane or methane standards Gross carbon counter Gross carbon counter Does not see formaldehyde Does not see formaldehyde