2. Mummification Preparation for the Afterlife

3. Early Burial Practices Dead Buried in small, shallow pits in the desert Bodies dehydrated very quickly Created natural life like mummies

4. Next Step Egyptians started to bury bodies in coffins Realized the bodies would decompose, because they were not exposed to desert heat Went against their belief of preservation to prepare a person for the afterlife

5. Enter Mummification Over several centuries developed the process of embalming bodies and creating mummies Ramses II Seni II King Tut

6. How to Make a Mummy The body is taken to a sacred tent, the Ibu (place of purification)- from start to finish the process took 70 days Here the body is washed with fragrant palm wine and water from the Nile.

7. One of the embalmers then makes an incision in the left side of the body to remove organs. These parts will decompose first.

8. The liver, lungs, stomach, and intestines are packed in natron (a granular salt compound) to dehydrate. The heart is not removed, because it is the center of feeling and intelligence and the person will need it in the afterlife.

9. A long needle type tool is inserted into the nasal cavity. The embalmer used circular strokes to loosen the brain and the brain matter pours out of the nasal cavity

10. The body is covered with natron Natron is also pack into the empty body cavity All fluids from the body and rages used in embalming, will be buried with the mummy

11. After 35 days, the body is washed again with water from the Nile and the body is covered with oils to keep the skin elastic. The dehydrated organs are wrapped in linen and returned to the body. The rest of the cavity is then stuffed with sawdust, and linen to make the body appear lifelike.

12. Early on embalmers placed organ in canopic jar to protect them spiritually. Later embalmers, buried bodies with the organs inside, but still placed canopic jars in the tomb for protection.

13. Canopic Jars Duamuter Jackal Head Protects the stomach Hapy Baboon Head Protects the lungs Imsety Human Head Protects the liver Qebehsenuef Falcon Head Protects the intestines

14. Wrapping the Body First the head an neck were wrapped Next, the arms and the legs were wrapped separately.

15. Amulets were wrapped with the body to protect the person on his journey through the underworld Isis Knot: protected the body. Plummet: kept the person balanced in the next life

16. Priests read spell and incantations out loud while the mummy was being wrapped A papyrus scroll with spells from the Book of the Dead is placed between the tied hands The body is wrapped in another layer of linen.

17. A cloth is wrapped around the whole body and a picture of the god Osiris is painted on the surface

18. The Coffin Process

19. The Funeral A ritual called the opening of the mouth is performed so the deceased can eat. Finally the body is placed in a sarcophagus Along with many personal and sometimes valuable effects